{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/x639z91d79/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Harry Beskorovayny"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Beskorovayny, Harry (Interviewee)","Foty, Nadya (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2004-03-31 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["7 audio files; wav; 3:17:00","audio/x-wav"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["sq87bv768 (avalonid)","LC094 (other)","2004-091-1114 (local)","2004-091-1115 (local)","2004-091-1116 (local)","2004-091-1117 (local)","2004-091-1118 (local)","2004-091-1119 (local)","2004-091-1120 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["oral histories (topical)","education (topical)","railroads (topical)","community (topical)","weddings (topical)","farm life (topical)","Gronlid, Saskatchewan (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2020-06-29"]}},{"label":{"en":["Note"]},"value":{"en":["Includes some Ukrainian (language)","Interviewee: Beskorovayny, Harry (creation/production)","Interviewer: Foty, Nadya (creation/production)"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/528/small/Logo.png?1687986878","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 7 - 2004-091-1114.wav"]},"duration":2054.75701,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/528/small/Logo.png?1687986878","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/528/original/2004-091-1114.wav?1660925414","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":2054.75701,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wedding and the snow in 1955","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=7.0,189.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His marriage is one of the most important events in his life. He says it's unique, because they went to a small country school together. They quit school in 1949 and in 1955 they decided to get married. In between there were no connections with each other. It wasn't going steady. In 1955, they just decided to get married. They got married on the 3rd of November. It was a terrible winter. It snowed for 3 days steady before their wedding. There was two feet of snow. People couldn't travel on the roads anymore. It stopped snowing on their wedding day. It was fairly nice. They didn't have a snow plogh. That year a policeman was caught in a blizzard on a highway and died. They walked on top of telephone wires along the road because the drifts were so high in the spring. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=7.0,189.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tell me about the most important events in your life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=7.0,189.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"blizzards","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"snow","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"winter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=7.0,189.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Traveling by train","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=189.0,489.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He things going to school or quitting school wasn't important. Starting farming wasn't important because it was a process. He was an only son so he took over the family farm. They were family people so they stayed close by. They lived in a granary, 10x12. They had a bed, clothes closet, and a heater. He raised a child in there. He ate with his parents though. At times when farming is bad, he sometimes thinks he should have gone to school and got a trade like carpentry or mechanic. He was pretty handy. Would have had to go to Moose Jaw Technical School. It was a world away when you had to take a train. Those days the world was pretty big. The next most important thing in their life would have been when they retired from farming, 11 years before the interview. Their son took over the farm. Only 3 miles away. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=189.0,489.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farming","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rail travel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transportation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=189.0,489.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Biographical questions, places he lived","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=489.0,1016.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Harry Beskorovayny, says it's the ancestral name of someone who gets married without a korovai. He was born on the farm in 1933. His dad came earlier to Canada, mother came in 1930. Hard times hit then. He remembers tearing down the building of an old Jewish Country store when he was 13, and he couldn't imagine how they lived there in the winter, it was so drafty. There were only two kids in his family. His sister was born in Ukraine. She was 9 years old when she came to Canada. Harry will be buried 50 ft away from where he was born, at his family burial plot. His farm is on the Brooksby Road. Rattner farm - the name of the Jewish shop keeper that owned the store. They couldn't pay for the farm so they gave it up. They went to poorer land along the reserve. That area is Gronlin. He grew up there for 9 years. Then he went to Vancouver. They moved because his father couldn't imagine a future on the sandy land. His sister was living in Vancouver. His father worked at a cedar mill and he got cedar poisoning. They were in Vancouver for 2 years. He went to school there. He was only 12 years old when they went. He sold newspapers on the streets and picked up beer bottles in Stanley Park. Came back to Saskatchewan after. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=489.0,1016.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"buildings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cedar trees","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farming","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"poisoning","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=489.0,1016.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farming and schooling, information about parents' immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=1016.0,2054.75701"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His mom came to Canada in 1930 with his sister. In 1927, his father came to Mundare, Alberta. Someone had to sponsor you to come and then you had to work to pay it off. He stayed in Mundare for 2 1/2 years. A whole bunch of them then came to Saskatchewan in 1929 and rented a shack together. They were right on the border between Russian Ukraine and Polish Ukraine on River Zbruch. He visited in 1978. He corresponds with family there. In 1946, he came back to Saskatchewan and stayed there. Dad started to homestead again, among established farms. There was bush so they had to clear land for buildings. His wife was born where the church is. Still Gronlid area. Her dad was the cantor. They bid for the job $5/year. There were 7 kids in his wife's family, she was the youngest. He went to grades 8, 9, 10 at the same school as her. They walked to school or biked to school. Worked as hired help when we was on summer break. 3$ per day. He is Ukrainian. They found out about Canada through advertising and agents. People from the neighbouring village came to Canada. They came to Canada because there were too many kids to divide the land for. There were 7 boys. The area in Canada was all Jewish people. There were things that happened in the Old Country that couldn't be explained. Like ghost stories but real.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=1016.0,2054.75701"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528/index/52538/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"distance education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm buildings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farming","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"high schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132528#t=1016.0,2054.75701"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 7 - 2004-091-1115.wav"]},"duration":1786.89161,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/529/small/Logo.png?1687986887","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/529/original/2004-091-1115.wav?1660925434","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1786.89161,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reminiscing about Ukraine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=4.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His mother regretted leaving the Old Country, she cried for weeks on end at the beginning. His grandfather was comfortably well off. There were 13 people in the half of the duplex. Still it was a nice house and everyone had plenty to eat. When they came here in the 1930s, there was nothing to eat and the house was old and weather beaten and drafty. She didn't see how she could get out of that predicament. His dad always talked about working for the 10th sheaf. The four moves they did in Canada were hard on his mother. She liked Vancouver. They never spoke about being happy in Canada. They never achieved a high level of comfort. They always had to work hard. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=4.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everyday life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"labor (work)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=4.0,333.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Homebirth, home remedies ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=333.0,1525.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was born at home. His mother and sister were in the garden and his mother sent his sister to go get the neighbour, but the neighbour wouldn't come. So the father went to go get the midwife from 2 miles away, but by the time they got there, she had already had the baby. His sister didn't even know their mother was pregnant.\n\nThey talk about home remedies. Garlic was used as a home remedy for the flu. Home brew was used as well. It was mixed with pepper. He describes home home brew is made. They used iodine or salves for cuts. They would also put bread on the cut. Bleeding could be stopped from the dried black part in puffball mushrooms. \n\nThey talk about how the hospital only had 12 beds, but it was never full. Tells the story of an uncle that went to the hospital for something on his face. Nothing worked, but when he left they used a home remedy and it cured right up.The used red liniment with sugar for a cold. White liniment for use on your feet. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=333.0,1525.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"childbirth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"garlic","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"herbal medicine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=333.0,1525.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"home remedies","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=333.0,1525.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=1525.0,1786.89161"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He started attending school in 1939, maybe in May. Just to get yourself used to school. Went to school from 9-3:30. Later they had Ukrainian classes for an hour. Maybe once or twice a week. Had lunch at school. They got more education from watching the older ones and seeing what they are doing. They went for recess and played games. They would climb trees. Recess was 15 minutes and lunch 1 hour. The had garter snakes in the sand. This school has maybe 30 kids. Grade 1-10. Grade 9 and 10 were done by correspondence, but you still went to school everyday. The school had all the textbooks. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=1525.0,1786.89161"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529/index/52537/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pre-school education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132529#t=1525.0,1786.89161"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 7 - 2004-091-1116.wav"]},"duration":1790.86222,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/530/small/Logo.png?1687986898","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/530/original/2004-091-1116.wav?1660925455","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1790.86222,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Schooling ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=6.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The school was square. There were desks that two people sat on. When he was small there were 4 across on them. There were no single desks. The teacher had a desk. There was a table at the back where the water crock was. Every school had a well. If you were bad you stood in the corner. If you were really bad they would sprinkle wheat on the floor and you had to kneel on it and hold books out in your hands and if you lowered your hands you would get tapped with a stick. He never got in trouble. There wasn't expelling at the school. If you got caught chewing gum you had to hold your tongue out at the front of the class. Corporal punishment did them good. He only got the strap once for something minor. The school was heated with wood. There was a potbelly stove and then they got a furnace. It was in the middle of the school. It kept everyone warm. There was a coat room for boys and girls. Kept your lunches on a shelf there. The lunch pail was rogers syrup pail. There was about 30 kids in the whole school. There were 4 kids when they finished grade 10. The average end was grade 8. All subjects were taught. Geography, history, citizenship and immigration, health, mathematics. They sang O Canada when they raised the flag everyday and then they took it down while they sang God Save the King. Books were supplied and foolscap paper. They brought their own exercise books and pencils. Bought at the bookstore in Melfort. maybe paid 5 cents. They lined up and had a spelling bee or geography bee. Eaton's also had pages of pencils and exercise books. Or the five stores in Gronlid had some too. You could buy pencils with gopher tails. During the war, the had war stamps. Everyone was Ukrainian at school. There was no punishment for speaking a language other than English. It wasn't difficult for him to learn English. Teachers usually taught 1-2 years and then they moved on. The teacher lives in the teacherage near the school. A small two room house. Outhouse was outside. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=6.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"books","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"curricula","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"language","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one-room schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school discipline","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=6.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ukrainians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=6.0,1531.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dreaming of working on the railway","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=1531.0,1790.86222"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was infatuated with trains. When they came they were massive. Gronlid was the end of the track. He would come into town and look at the trains. His family would have like him to go to school, but there was no money. His sister ran away from home to Melfort, by using the train. She went looking for a job when she was 15. She was not treated well. Finally she ended up destitute and sent to the salvation army after she spent a couple nights in the public washrooms. Then she found a job at the cafe. That is where she found her future husband. They got married and moved to Vancouver. His sister was brave. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=1531.0,1790.86222"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What did you want to be when you grew up?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=1531.0,1790.86222"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530/index/52536/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"commuter trains","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"freight trains","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132530#t=1531.0,1790.86222"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 4 of 7 - 2004-091-1117.wav"]},"duration":1835.3981,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/531/small/Logo.png?1687986908","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/content/4/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/531/original/2004-091-1117.wav?1660925475","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1835.3981,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 4 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Greetings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=23.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When he was growing up, people greeted each other by saying \"Slava Isusu Khrystu\" and had to call him diad'ko (uncle). He doesn't recall ever meeting a lady on the street. There were special greetings as Christmas and Easter. These greetings were also exchanged between family members. They didn't do it among kids at school. They were told before they left the home to address their elders that way. If you didn't act properly they would know within the week. You would get a good talking to. They respected people.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=23.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"greetings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"holidays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"respect","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"women","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=23.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Religion","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=202.0,555.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His family was religious. His folks argued bitterly. They belonged to the closest parish all the time. St. Micheal's Parish. This church is called Victory Hall.  There was service whenever the priest came, maybe once a month. The priest came by train from Hafford, and latter on from Prince Albert. When they were up north they went to St. Mary's Orthodox Church. They had big families, who wagon loads of kids. It was a strong organization. It was called Franko Hall and Franko Church. They stood during church. Only the oldest ladies sat down. Shows a photo of the original church (1926). Bill Ray, a photographer would come around with a camera. Church was built 1919. There are only four members, at the time of the interview. Men sat on the left and women sat on the right. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=202.0,555.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"church services","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"churches","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"photographers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ukrainian Orthodox Church","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=202.0,555.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas and Easter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=555.0,1514.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas as a kid was celebrated the typical Ukrainian Christmas, on January 6th. \n\nTalking about pictures. \n\nThey were a small family so it was usually just the three of them. Mother cooked but it wasn't a turkey dinner. It was herring, dried prunes and apples, kutia. There weren't 13 dishes. Other people came from different districts of Ukraine. In those districts there were more soothsayers so they had 13 dishes and things like that. That is where those traditions came from. He says their district was more \"plain\". They put hay under and over the table. Christmas wasn't about the gifts. He doesn't remember having a role preparing for Christmas. Mom cooked. Dad made sure (at harvest time) that the sheaf was ready. His father believed in Holy Water a lot. Talking about making sausage. They didn't make Easter eggs. His wife's mother would make them using onion skins and then using crepe paper. They always attended Easter service early in the morning at dawn. They took a basket to be blessed. The basket had all of the food. A little kolach, sausage, eggs, cheese, butter. They rang the bells after. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=555.0,1514.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"baskets","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Easter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religious rituals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=555.0,1514.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kutia","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=555.0,1514.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=1514.0,1835.3981"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He says it's similar to today. Say I do, wreaths and crowns, and hold the candle. Wreaths were made of myrtle. After the service, someone drove them to Melfort to get a photo taken. Came back for supper. Reception was at the hall. The people would drink and sing while they were waiting for them to come back. Some would go home to do chores and then come back. They had maybe 70 people come. The priest who was supposed to marry them couldn't come because of the storm. The local priest married them instead. A typical wedding meal was Ukrainian dishes, whiskey, and home brew. As a rule it was chicken soup. Then potaotes, holobtsi, meat, sausage. Pork and chicken. They had musicians at the wedding.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=1514.0,1835.3981"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531/index/52535/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"church weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wedding receptions","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132531#t=1514.0,1835.3981"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 5 of 7 - 2004-091-1118.wav"]},"duration":499.15937,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/532/small/Logo.png?1687986919","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532/content/5/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/532/original/2004-091-1118.wav?1660925485","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":499.15937,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532/index/52534","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 5 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532/index/52534/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wedding dance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532#t=0.0,499.15937"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532/index/52534/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He wanted to have a tsymbaly. They got into a disagreement about something. There was just guitar, violin, accordion at their wedding. Dancing took place in the hall. After they took a picture of a wall. Her family did the dinner and his family did the supper. They sat on a bench and took a picture to send to the old country. They danced the polka at the dance, some waltz. Their's wasn't the intellectual Ukrainian community, so they didn't do the fancy Ukrainian dances. There was some singing. The women sang mournful songs. Some of the older ladies would sing it. At some weddings, they would sing national songs. Neither of them sang at their wedding. They used to demand a ransom at the wedding, but his brothers didn't do that at their wedding. Traditional drinks were offered and home brew. 9 gallons of home brew. Cornmeal was the main ingredient. It was called samohonka. They had a wedding cake, made by sister Mary. Decorated in Melfort at the bakery. Three layer cake. They got household items for gifts. Simple gifts. They got a little bit of money.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532#t=0.0,499.15937"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532/index/52534/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bands (music)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"folk music","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gifts","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hammer dulcimers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wedding receptions","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132532#t=0.0,499.15937"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 6 of 7 - 2004-091-1119.wav"]},"duration":1913.76544,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/533/small/Logo.png?1687986931","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/content/6/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/533/original/2004-091-1119.wav?1660925504","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1913.76544,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 6 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wedding continued","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=2.0,464.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most popular time of year for weddings was summer time. They don't know why they decided to get married in November. it was a good year. The harvest was very good. They decided to get married on a spur of the moment decision. They were poor. Summer and fall were good times to get married. It was a good fall until 3 days before their wedding. Wedding celebrations were normally 2 or 3 days, but theirs didn't last that long because of the weather. Everyone was caught unprepared. Typically the second day would have been a party- they would have drank some more. Normally, when the weather is good, on the second day there would be more merrymaking, more singing. Usually happened at the farm yard. They don't remember weddings of people of different nationalities. His wife's older sister married a German. She remembers the house being full, although she was only 2 at the time. Harry's most special memories of weddings are the ceremony at the church. The service, because you dreaded the moment, because you didn't want to screw it up. It's the most special moment. The presentation part after is important too. 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A death is announced because they rang the big bell. The bell could be heard for 3 miles on a still clear day. The whole community mourned for 24 hours a day. They made their own caskets (as opposed to a funeral home).  The cabinet makers in the area made the caskets. There was singing that they would sing in the house. Psalms were sung steady by the cantors, they took turns. No celebration, it was just mournful. The funeral would be usually on the third day after death. There was a lady that you could hire to lament at the funeral. 40 days after, if it was possible, there was invited guests and a dinner, and a Divine Liturgy. There was a meal for that. One year after you put a stone up and had another dedication.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=464.0,1041.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"funeral laments","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"funerals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rites of passage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=464.0,1041.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Friends","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=1041.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Best friend were school friends and neighbours. They gathered and played ball. They played marbles. If some of them had a slough they would play hockey, but only if they could afford skates. Harry could not afford skates. His parents' friends were neighbours from the Old Country. They would come up north to pick blue berries. Before the war, they used to send letters. After the war, the letters were slow, but they came. Talks about letter writing and shows the interviewer letters. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=1041.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"friends","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"letters (correspondence)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighbors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=1041.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pasttimes ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=1456.0,1913.76544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Evenings at home was done under a coal light. They couldn't afford a gas light. His mother did embroidered. He did homework or his mother taught him catechism. They got books from Winnipeg in Ukrainian. They did the catechism quite a bit, or at least he thinks it was but maybe it wasn't. He has a good background in religion. On Sundays, they went to the neighbours or something. His parents would also go visiting, but maybe less than a mile. In the summer they would take the horses because you could tie them to a tree. In his spare time, he played by himself. There were no gifts, but his dad made him a tractor with household items. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=1456.0,1913.76544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533/index/52533/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"embroidery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"homework","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"horses","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"visiting","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132533#t=1456.0,1913.76544"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 7 of 7 - 2004-091-1120.wav"]},"duration":1943.06903,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/534/small/Logo.png?1687986943","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/content/7/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/534/original/2004-091-1120.wav?1660925526","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1943.06903,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 7 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gatherings, workbees, and community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534#t=67.0,1291.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He remembers parties/gatherings in a neighbour's home. They were merrymakers and could the mother could sing. They would sit in a circle and they would act out different parts. They would have a knife in the centre and they would spin it and that person had to act out that part. It was just the adults that would do it. They had it maybe twice a winter. They sang a lot. All by heart, no one had a book. Sang national and patriotic songs. He remembers his parents going to workbees to plaster the house or make thatched roofs. They were on the edge of the Ukrainian community. There were Jewish people and Norwegians and English. They were neighbouring the Norwegians and English. Their closest neighbour was a German Mennonite. He taught them English. His dad was trying to start a farm where everyone was already established, so he was busy. Once you were 50, you were old and you weren't expected to work. There wasn't much interaction between the Ukrainians and the Norwegians. There was a good relationship between the Jewish and Ukrainian communities. The Jewish spoke Ukrainian. The Jewish left the area in the 1930s when the depression hit. Some would say the Ukrainians in the area got along well, but he would say they didn't, because of the churches. Some wanted to preserve the Ukrainian culture and nation. Some did not. Describes conflicts and bitterness in the community over the church. His family was more open, they would go between the communities. They are Ukrainian Greek Catholic. Important that the Greek is there. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534#t=67.0,1291.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bees (social events)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cooperation","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"neighbors","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religious conflict","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"social interaction","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534#t=67.0,1291.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Norwegians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ukrainians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"workbees","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534#t=67.0,1291.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Community help and family discipline ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534#t=1291.0,1943.06903"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58543/file/132534/index/52532/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They don't recall newcomers in the community after the Second World War. The community didn't mind having new people (late 20s) before the war. They would help in the community. The Norwegians were helpful too. The Nelsons took them to Brooksby to get groceries and told them they could pay him back in the fall. His mother was in charge of discipline and was really hard on his sister. Would hit her with a paddle. That is why his sister ran away. Doesn't remember being praised for good behaviour. Talks about being in Vancouver. He had no idea that his sister had ran away, he was only 3 or 4 years old. He is writing an autobiography. 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