{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/wp9t14vp77/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Helen Fedorkiw (née Leskiv)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Fedorkiw, Helen (Interviewee)","Lesiv, Mariya (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2004-07-07 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["3 audio files; mp3; 1:37:35","audio/mpeg"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["sn00b0056 (avalonid)","LC166 (other)","2004-091-1785 (local)","2004-091-1786 (local)","2004-091-1787 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["oral histories (topical)","foodways (topical)","religion (topical)","holidays (topical)","education (topical)","language (topical)","Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (spatial)","Spedden, Alberta, Canada (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2021-02-03"]}},{"label":{"en":["Note"]},"value":{"en":["Includes some Ukrainian (language)","Interviewee: Fedorkiw, Helen (creation/production)","Interviewer: Lesiv, Mariya (creation/production)"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/014/small/audio-default.png?1640632337","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 3 - 2004-091-1785.mp3"]},"duration":1724.18612,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/014/small/audio-default.png?1640632337","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/133/014/original/2004-091-1785.mp3?1660934310","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1724.18612,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction, schooling, career","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=2.0,256.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen Fedorkiw, maiden name Leskiv, born near Spedden, AB, on a farm. Helen grew up there until age 13 and went to school in Spedden until grade 11, but there was no grade 12 there, so Helen came to Edmonton. In those days there was a Normal school, Helen entered and after one-year of study she got a teacher's certificate. When Helen attended Normal school, she resided in the Ukrainian Hrushevsky Institute. She was born in 1918. She worked as a teacher in different schools in the countryside, then married in 1946, then moved to Edmonton in 1955 and since then Helen lived and worked in Edmonton. Before Edmonton, she taught in different places: near Lac la Biche in Northern Alberta, it was a one-room school, and she had to teach grades from 1 to 8, and she also had to teach French (which she barely knew but managed somehow). Then Helen worked at Glendon, Vilna, then in Edmonton. She started teaching in 1939.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=2.0,256.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Father's family","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=256.0,404.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's dad came to Canada in about 1908, he was about 16-17 years old. He worked in a coal mine and learned English very fast and even was teaching the new immigrants that came in. Helen's mother came over with his (Helen's father) parents in 1912, they were not married yet. Grandparents came just to visit. Before that in 1910 Helen's dad invited his younger brother to come. So, dad's parents came to visit him and his brother (because these were their only children) with all intentions to go back. Then the WWI broke out and it was impossible to go back. After the war was over, the two brothers were married and had children, and parents stayed with Helen's Dad and never visited Ukraine. Which is such a pity because now people fly over anytime but it was not like that in their time. Helen's grandma used to say that she would go back if only to die there. But they all died here and are buried on the Orthodox cemetery in Spedden.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=256.0,404.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mother's family; first time after arrival","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=404.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From the mother's family, she alone came over on the same boat as dad's parents, and she married dad at the end. But then she sent for her sisters but only one came over from about 12 siblings; the rest all stayed in Ukraine. How did they came out about Canada? - They probably received a letter from Ukrainian immigrants. Helen's dad was always curious and wanted to come, and he did, and was among the first. After him and his parents a lot of Ukrainians came. There was not Spedden then, only forest. Dad bought a homestead, 160 acres of land for 10 dollars. Nobody knows how they survived but they did...  Helen's dad moved to this locality for some reason - the poorest farm lands - Helen doesn't know why he had chosen this place. He ran a farm and later he moved closer to Spedden and got a job as a secretary in the Vilna municipality. At that time he was the sole person who was looking after the entire area. He was also the secretary of every school in the district. He was a great leader, people came for advice and everything. In Ukraine Helen's parents were born in Yastrubytsi, Sokal'sky povit, L'viv region. But grandparent came there from a neighbour village. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=404.0,721.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Husband","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=721.0,744.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's husband was born in Myrnam, AB. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=721.0,744.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=744.0,784.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After Helen finished Normal school, she got a temporary teacher's certificate, then had to teach a number of years and go back to summer school to take courses and get a permanent job. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=744.0,784.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ancestry","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=784.0,908.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the farm Helen grew up with her grandparents and her mother and siblings. They wanted to live on the farm while Dad worked in Vilna and came home on weekends. Helen has an older sister, a younger brother and a younger sister. Ancestry - she considers herself Canadian Ukrainian, but more Canadian because she grew up here.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=784.0,908.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Food, meal","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=908.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For breakfast Helen's family had porridge, toast, eggs; for lunch - pyrohy, Baba made them. As for supper, at wintertime they usually had meat because it could be frozen; in Summer they ate chicken, geese, turkey, they had them all on the farm, also vegetables of all kinds. They made sauerkraut and preserved cucumbers for winter, also had potatoes, carrots etc.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=908.0,1004.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=1004.0,1296.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's family had the 12 dishes on Ukrainian Christmas eve. Kutia to start with, pyrohy, holubtsi, sauerkraut, mushrooms, fruits for dessert. Kutia was thrown up to the ceiling indeed but only when Helen was a kid at the farm. Grandad used to do this. But it did not continue when they got their homes. Helen can't recall how he explained the sense of this but she supposes it related to wheat as the main value. But why to throw it up - she doesn't really know... They did have a Christmas tree in later years, but not when Helen was 5-6 years old. And yes, they had a straw under the table on Christmas eve. They went carolling, it was such a happy time! They would go by sleigh because there were no cars in those days, so they had sleigh, horses, took peryna with them, because it was cold! And then went out and carolled. Not really for the money, she cannot remember any money but just to visit neighbours. Carollers were hosted with food and even drinks, when they were older. They did not go from house to house. Today one has to ask permission for coming and carolling but that time they did not ask for a permission.  ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=1004.0,1296.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Food and clothes production","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=1296.0,1608.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the store, they bought sugar, salt... Later on they bought meat in the summer from the store that had a cooler. Also rice, buckwheat, barley, flour. Before stores came, they made their own flour from the wheat on the flour-mill, Helen remembers this. But later they bought it in store, in the 1930s. On a farm, they produced wheat, oats, rye, flax - for making threads and oil. Also konopli, also for oil, especially for Christmas time. As for cloths, they wore dresses and coats for the winter and laced boots. Adults had other kind of boots, they called them valyonki. Helen's aunt used to saw dresses when kids were little, and later on they bought them in stores and via Eaton's catalogues. How often - she can't remember but they always had new clothes and shoes for Christmas. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=1296.0,1608.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=1608.0,1724.18612"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014/index/52106/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's chores included milking cows, and she hated this. That is why she went to school because she did not want to get stuck on a farm milking cows. Helen did not mind doing anything else. Helen did not work in the field as a child, the only kid's work was picking rocks in the field. But that was playing for them, they played with stones! Also mother never let kids work in the garden, she did all the garden work. But cleaning house was children's job, and helping prepare food. Gender difference? -yes! In Helen's family, the men / boys never milked the cows, they worked in a field and took care of the horses. The girls did the house work and took care of the chickens, turkey, like that.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133014#t=1608.0,1724.18612"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 3 - 2004-091-1786.mp3"]},"duration":1781.05469,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/015/small/audio-default.png?1640632393","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/133/015/original/2004-091-1786.mp3?1660934342","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1781.05469,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Father's work","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=0.0,205.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He had an office in Vilna, he worked as a secretary treasurer, so he had to do a lot of documentation. Someday the rest of the family visited him and he asked kids to seal the envelopes. People came to him with different problems. He started approximately in the 1930s, before WWII. Then the way of administration has been changed, so he left the job and went to the farm. He bought a general store in Spedden, and mother and he operated it for a long time. In 1950 Helen's mother died, and dad bought a hotel in Gibbons together with his brother. And he died 2 years after the mother's death. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=0.0,205.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mother's work and the house","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=205.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When she came to Canada, she work in a restaurant in Edmonton, then married and moved to a farm. She worked mostly in the house and the garden, not in the field. The family's house was made of logs and had 2 rooms: a bedroom, a living room, a dining room and a kitchen. Later on one big room and 2 bedrooms were added. In the log house, the walls were painted with the lime (vapno), but the new part was painted with the paint. The new part was built in 1938-39, or so. Helen's grandfather made all the furniture, it was very good and for now it must be antique. [Description of the furniture is different rooms]. Helen's mother was especially proud to have a bureau with a big round mirror in the bedroom. The furniture for the new house was mostly bought and for the old house was made by grandfather. Decorations? - Calendars! They came with beautiful pictures, and some had a little envelope on the bottom to put small things like a pencil there. Women and girls used to make flowers from a coloured paper of different design and put them on the walls. But the family did not have icons in the house to decorate them. Another crafts - Helen's mother crocheted a large border to the purchased big table cloth, Helen still has it and put it on the table for holidays. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=205.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Religion","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=687.0,1073.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's family was always religious but grandma did not believe in priests, she had some bad experiences in the old country. But when Helen grew up, there were no priests or churches around, except for the \"Indian reserve\", believe it or not. Helen's older sister was baptized by a priest on this reserve, and Helen was not baptized until she was 21 for some reason. She had to get baptized to get married. Then the people built a small building, they called it Chytal'nya, and Helen's grandad was a diak in this chytal'nya and conducted services there. But before that every Sunday Helen's grandad would sit and read out loud from the Bible and other very old Orthodox books he brought from the old country, and the family would be sitting around him and listening. But in the old country they were Greek Catholics. When they came here (and the Catholic church was built first), Helen's grandma went to the service and the priest did not mention \"all Orthodox Christians\" (as they were always mentioned in the old country). So, grandma was so offended and stopped attending the church and recommenced only when an Orthodox church was built, Helen was a teenager at that time. The Catholic church was built in 1926-7, and the Orthodox one followed maybe 3-4 years later. So, in the 1930s there were two churches in the community. But before the 1926, they had only chytal'nya and attended it on Sundays. When church was built, the priest came but he did services for the entire Smoky Lake area, so he came to their church once or twice a month. When Helen went to study in Edmonton, she went to church every Sunday. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=687.0,1073.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Easter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=1073.0,1201.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's family celebrated Easter in the Ukrainian way. All things were prepared long in advance on the farm, including home-made sausages - oh, this was delicious, nothing never tastes like that now. Nobody was allowed to eat it on Saturday before blessing the Paska! But there were all these smells around and the kids were running around and asking for a bit but mother would not allow...  the family got the basket ready and took it to church. They had a lot of Easter foods, like ham and kovbasa and holubtsi, there were always holubtsi. And hard-boiled eggs, including Easter eggs but nobody in my family made Easter eggs, they were brought by the neighbours. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=1073.0,1201.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birthdays and other holidays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=1201.0,1635.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The family did not celebrate birthdays. Now people make such a big deal of it, Helen says, but they did not. They did not celebrate Canada day on the farm either but celebrated Thanksgiving when children were teenagers. Helen can't recall any special meal for it because \"They were too Ukrainian\"... Halloween Helen recalls how the boys would upset the outside toilet. New Years - when Helen was a teenager, a New Year celebration was on January 14th, it was a holiday, neighbours would come and declared some verses... Parish feast day - yes, there was a service and the family had a dinner. Going to the cemetery - yes, on Provody. Helen's family also celebrated St. Peter and St.John, something was in a church, but if not - just did not work on this day. Jordan - yes, the family celebrated, blessed the water in church if priest would come this day. People brought the blessed water home and grandad sprinkled everywhere, including the barn. Also he cut crosses from the paper and put them on the top of the doors.  ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=1201.0,1635.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Singing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=1635.0,1781.05469"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015/index/52105/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's grandmother sang songs and tried to teach kids all the time. Now Helen belongs to the church senior choir and knows all the songs because she learned them from her grandmother. Grandma sang all the time, without any occasion. Helen prefers ordinary songs more. But when she sings now, she start coughing. Helen's grandma song in Ukrainians, for example \"Oy u poli 3 krynychen'ky\", [2 more titles]","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133015#t=1635.0,1781.05469"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 3 - 2004-091-1787.mp3"]},"duration":2350.13225,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/017/small/audio-default.png?1640632468","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/133/017/original/2004-091-1787.mp3?1660934384","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2350.13225,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dances and plays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=0.0,334.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She recalled that she and her community members went to dances. When she was a teenager, the church was erected, the chytal'nya was done away, and a hall was built on that spot. The had dances there, mainly on Christmas time (which was celebrated a whole week), Easter and summer picnics. Also they performed plays. later on, there were dances every Saturday - the valse, the foxtrot, kolomyika, polka...  square dances. Musicians played violins, drum, guitar and mandolin. A couple of guys played violins and created a band, they played mixed music - Ukrainian, Western... Plays were put on by people from around, they had a men's club and ladies' club, then they would decide to have a play, they practiced a lot. Helen also participated in plays and continued to play in Hrushevsky Institute, she liked this a lot. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=0.0,334.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Language","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=334.0,586.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She spoke Ukrainian at home, this was her first language. When her sister started schooling, the law was that students were not allowed to speak Ukrainian on the territory of school at all, otherwise one was strapped. That's how biased they were against Ukrainians! Anyway, when her sister came to school she knew no words in English. When a teacher approached her and asked to give him a pencil in English, and extended his hand, the sister did not understand what to do and kissed his hand. The teacher was Ukrainian but he was not allowed to speak Ukrainian to kids, only English. It was about 1922. After a year of her sister's schooling, she taught Helen at home, so when Helen started at the school, she already knew some English words already. When Helen had children herself, she did not teach them Ukrainian because she did not want for them to go through the same experience that she had. She Anglicized their names, they did not speak Ukrainian, she wanted them to be English and not looked down upon. She also learnt some French at school and some Ukrainian lessons after school. And Ukrainian remained their home language.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=334.0,586.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=586.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She started schooling when she was 6 years old, the school was two miles from home. She attended this school for 1 year, then their Ukrainian teacher moved to work in another school and Helen and her sister followed the teacher. He was not a very good teacher, he was strict.  Sisters moved to another school, about 3 miles north. They were in school from 9 am till 4 pm. A typical day at school... they started at the morning with arithmetics... but the grades 1 to 8 at that time were sitting in the same room. Teacher gave an assignment and one worked on their own. Kids had 15 min breaks and one-hour lunch break. It was a one-room school, the building she attended wasn't that nice. They had desks but different from the modern furniture, they had shelves under desks. When Helen was a teenager, the desks were changed to those that were opened. Heating - the bigger boys brought wood for the stove and water. When Helen attended school, the class was 30-35 people. Other school subjects included spelling, music, history, geography, literature... There wasn't even a library. Students had to have their own scribblers and pencils, and books but they were not expensive. Helen's first teacher lived in the little house for teachers by the school. Ethnic origin of schoolmates in Spedden - many Ukrainians, then there were \"half-breeds\" and \"Indians\" because there were 2 or 3 \"Indian\" reserves around Spedden. Also several English kids - children of post-office manager (who could be only an English man, nobody else). But they all did get along well as kids.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=586.0,1229.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social activities at school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=1229.0,1612.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A Christmas concert - they practiced for weeks before Christmas, and decorated the hall and the school. It was a big event when Helen was a student and later on, when she was a teacher. They always had Ukrainian dances for the concert, and songs, and some performances on Biblical topics... School picnics - no, she cannot recall. When she was a kid, she wanted to be a nurse but ended up as a teacher. Her younger sister was a nurse. Among special memories about school years - Helen had one female teacher with whom they celebrated a May day and sold votes (tickets) to gather money. Then they danced around the May pole, as Helen recalls, and this happened only once. She was in grade 5 then. Later when Helen was in high school they had a competition in singing and other arts in St Paul, a bigger town. She was a good speaker, and everybody predicted her victory but the first prize was given to an English person. Guys who were given prizes were also prejudiced. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=1229.0,1612.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stories","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=1612.0,1874.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Storytelling - they had a neighbour who was good at it and they always stopped by on their way to and from town. He would tell tales until midnight. Helen wonders how the kids were not scared to go home after these stories. But they always waited for him to come and tell these stories. It happened usually in winter time, 2-3 times per week. The stories were both true and fictional, but they believed all of them. Stories about Depression - people at that time did not feel the depression that much because on farms they always had a job and food. It was much worse for people from the cities. Stories about immigration- Helen can recall only her relatives' experience on the boat: they had to bring their own food to the ship, and the overall condition was horrible, small beds and very crowded small rooms... Jokes- yes, people told them a lot! ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=1612.0,1874.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neighbours and friends on a farm","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=1874.0,2173.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Other farmers - Ukrainians, some of them Orthodox, some Catholics. Best friends of Helen were Ukrainian girls and women, and still are! Helen confesses she had an inferiority complex (as Ukrainian) when she grew up. That is why she could not get close to an English person. Now two of her daughter-in-laws are Irish - but that's different than English. On a farm, Helen and her friends played with a boat in a pond. In school they played soft ball and other games. Parents' friends were Ukrainian neighbours, and also Dad had non-Ukrainian friends in Vilna - people who run different businesses. Leisure time - the family asked relatives to come over for dinner; also there was some entertainment in town - picnics etc. The siblings played cards sometimes ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=1874.0,2173.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=2173.0,2350.13225"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017/index/52104/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Helen's younger son (who lives in Edmonton) is collecting information on family tree, not that much a wider description of the family experiences. [Conversation around old photographs and recommendations]","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58718/file/133017#t=2173.0,2350.13225"}]}]}]}