{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/m32n58dh62/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Jerry Basisty 2"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Basisty, Jerry (Interviewee)","Kuranicheva, Anna (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2003-08-06 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["3 audio files; mp3; 1:26:57","audio/mpeg"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["0c483k476 (avalonid)","LC178 (other)","2003-091-182 (local)","2003-091-183 (local)","2003-091-184 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["oral histories (topical)","farm life (topical)","education (topical)","weddings (topical)","language (topical)","foodways (topical)","Rycroft, Alberta, Canada (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2021-02-03"]}},{"label":{"en":["Note"]},"value":{"en":["Includes some Ukrainian (language)","Interviewee: Basisty, Jerry (creation/production)","Interviewer: Kuranicheva, Anna (creation/production)"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/059/small/audio-default.png?1640635201","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 3 - 2003-091-182.mp3"]},"duration":1883.3502,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/059/small/audio-default.png?1640635201","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/133/059/original/2003-091-182.mp3?1660935635","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1883.3502,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 2.1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Language use, school life, community life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=0.0,310.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls that they didn't have any modern conveniences when he was growing up, and they didn't know any. They school offered some programs of recreation. Asked about his earliest memories, Basisty recalls that he remembers when he was about four years old. He remembers when his older brother and sisters would go home from school. They were talking English, and he tried to repeat what they said. It was an interesting thing to go through: He didn't know English and tried to learn it. Basisty spoke some English when he came to school. The children of the community gathered, so the children learned to speak English from the older ones who were already going to school. School wasn't a real adjustment.\nBasisty's parents were surprised to hear a child speak English because they didn't have the privilege to go to school when they were growing up. He thinks that his father didn't go to school much at all, as did his mother. However, his parents' English was not too bad. His father spoke English fairly well and read a lot in English. His mother spoke English but didn't read too much.\nThe teacher punished students who spoke languages other than English at school. Punishments in school used to be pretty severe. Students were strapped, or there was some kind of detention. There were Croatian and Ukrainian children at school. Basisty is asked if some of his friends had different ethnic backgrounds. Basisty says yes and states that the \"whole community was pretty close-knit\". Basisty says that ethnicity didn't matter: Getting together outside was the only recreation they had: Checking out the bush, berry picking, swimming. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=0.0,310.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School life, teachers, school building","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=310.0,612.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The school had 8 grades but there was only one teacher. She spend 15 minutes with one grade and explained to the students a lesson, and the students had to do their work, and the teacher would carry on with another grade. \"Every so often\", there was a sing song for everybody, or spelling matches for pupils in a higher grade. In grade 1, some children were so shy that they cried the first month in school. They adjusted with the help of their older siblings. One grade consisted of 3-4, sometimes up to 7-8 students. Once in a while, people moved in, and so they had some extra students. They had different teachers every several years. Basisty's first teacher was Miss MacArthur, in grade 1-2. Then, there was a Miss Shomer (?). During the war years, university students helped out as teachers, working in three months shifts. There were no Ukrainian teachers in school but there was a lady in the community who started teaching some Ukrainian.\nThe school was a one-room building, 30 by 50 or 30 by 40. It had windows to the East, and two cloakrooms or entry ways. There was a blackboard at one wall, and a few book stands at the other one. There weren't too many reference books. There was a \"barrel-type stove for heating\", and the floor was a hardwood oiled floor. The desk had a drawer under the seat to keep the books in, and also a drawer under the writing table. There was also an inkwell on the desk. They were writing with pens with nibs. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=310.0,612.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Way to school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=612.0,713.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty walked to school in the summer, and in the wintertime, his parents would drive the children or go with horse and sleigh. There was a barn at the schoolyard where the older pupils would park their horses. They had a very good janitor who would help the children to unhitch the horse and put it into the barn, and he also helped them after school to go home. Children aged 10 to 11 would drive to school with a team of horses, probably 2 children from one family.\nAsked how long it took him to walk to school, Basisty recalls that he walked faster in wintertime when it was cold. It probably took him 3 quarters of an hour to walk 2 and a half miles to school. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=612.0,713.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Activities at school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=713.0,774.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the springtime, in May or June, ball games were arranged between different schools. Someone who owned a truck and had time, would drive the children around 5-6 miles to another school. There were also track meets in spring held in different communities: racing, high jump and so on. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=713.0,774.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=774.0,1018.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked what he wanted to be when he was small, Basisty laughs. As a young boy, he wanted to work alongside the men. As far as career, nobody was encouraged to continue his/her education. Some students went on to grade 12 but not too many parents discussed possible careers with their children as it is the case now. The only thought was to become a responsible citizen, to be able to work and look after oneself. Basisty went to grade 10. He couldn't get to grade 11 because of the harvest. He had to work in a threshing crew. The following spring, he started to work at the railroad as a section man at the age of 17. It was hard labour, shovel work. There were no modern machines to maintain the railroad then.\nIn the fall of 1950, there was some land for sale. A friend of the family told them about it, and he and his father invested in some land. It was a little bit away from the home place. In the spring of 1951, Basisty changed to the bridge crew and spent the summer working on bridges, and in the fall of 1951, they had a fairly good crop and he asked  the bridge master for a six weeks-leave for the harvest. The leave was denied, so Basisty asked for a pass to come home, and he had to hand in his resignation. From spring 1952 onwards, Basisty did farming.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=774.0,1018.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farm life, preserving food, types of lamps, different crops","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=1018.0,1883.3502"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059/index/77312/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farming was a way of raising a family. They had chickens, hogs and cows, and grew big gardens to be self-sufficient: \"It wasn't so commercialized as it is now. Farming is a business now.\" Basisty's parents didn't really worry about making money. As long as they could pay the taxes and buy the essentials they needed in the house, they were happy. He recalls that there were a lot of hardships in farming through crop failures or early frost \"but people managed to get by on whatever they could, eh?\" There was always community cooperation so that people helped one another: \"So, nobody really went hungry.\" If somebody did not have enough feed for the livestock, they would borrow from their neighbours until the next year. If someone had the misfortune of loosing an animal or two (the horsepower), there were always horses available that could be used in the community. It was the same thing with milk which was given to people who didn't have a cow in winter.\nIf there was a sickness in the family, if the father was unable to do the work, people would also help the family to get by.\nBasisty repeats that they had cows and chickens. There was always a fresh pot of chicken soup. His parents hatched their own chicks in the spring. They also raised turkeys and geese, the latter also for their feathers to put into pillows. Basisty underlines that food was always available, \"not a big variety but there was always something to eat\".\nThe interviewer asks how they preserved milk. In the summertime, the milk was lowered into a well. They used milk pails or \"creamers\", it was a pot-like container. The cream at the top could be tipped off with a cup to save it for making butter. His father also had an abandoned well that he would fill with snow, and that was used as cooler for cream, butter and milk in the summer. The snow would stay well into the summer in the well. It was 10-12 feet below the ground level. In later years, they built an ice house with a box in the middle. The box was surrounded by ice and covered with saw dust. The ice would melt away eventually but it was last most of the summer. Some people would take out a block of ice of their ice house every day and melt it for drinking water. Basisty says that they got the ice house in the 1940s. The community was connected to Alberta Power in 1951, and Basisty's parents got power in 1952.\nMeat was canned but it was also kept in the ice box for the summer. They also had a cellar in the house under the floor that was fairly cool. The meat was fried, roasted and packed into jars that were sealed. When Basisty's father worked away from the farm, he had to take his lunch and dinner with him, so he took a jar of meat and a jar of cottage cheese mixed with cream and onions, and sandwiches. Basisty explains that people also canned beans, carrots and other garden vegetables. Now, everything is frozen in deep freezers.\nBasisty recalls that their main source of light were coal oil wick lamps, and then mantle lamps which used gas. Some people also had so-called aladdin lamps. They also had a mantle and gave bright light. Basisty's family used just coal oil wick lamps: It wasn't very bright to read with.\nBasisty's parents grew mostly wheat and some barley and oats. Barely and oats was feed for the horses, and some of the wheat was sold. In the late 1930s, they would haul a wagon-load of wheat to Sexsmith about 35-40 miles away to a flour mill where it was ground into flour, and they would get a year-supply of flour. Basisty's mother had to bake bread once or twice a week. 400-500 pounds of flour a year would be a good supply. Wheat growing was the routine way of farming. Chickens were also fed with wheat. They also had some grass for seed and for hay. Canola was not heard of in their area at that time. Canola was introduced around 1951/52. It was called rape seed at that time. People thought they would make quick cash but there were many disappointing crops. There was an available market for it. At the beginning, people didn't know how to plant it properly and to prepare the land properly for it. It didn't yield too good in drier years. They got the seeds through the elevator system or seed houses. Basisty can't recall where he got his seeds when he started farming, probably through the seed house. It is the same now, the seeds are sold through the elevator system.\nBasisty started to drive ploughs with disks at the age of 12-13. When he was old enough to pick up a bundle, he was asked to help stook during harvest time. At 12-13 years of age, children were even hired in the neighbourhood to do some stooking. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133059#t=1018.0,1883.3502"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 3 - 2003-091-183.mp3"]},"duration":1882.51429,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/060/small/audio-default.png?1640635274","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/133/060/original/2003-091-183.mp3?1660935670","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1882.51429,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 2.2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Harvest time","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1.0,123.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls that in most families, the children were asked to look after the house and prepare the meals during harvest time while their parents were working out in the fields. The children had to bring out lunch and water. This was predominately the girls' task while some of the older boys had to help with the chores. Harvesting would start early in the morning and would last until late at night. The farmers had to cut the crop and stook. Asked whether additional farm hands were hired, Basisty explains that the word \"hiring\" wouldn't fit but there was a lot of exchange at harvest time.\nWhen Basisty's father started farming, he had a fairly good set-up with horses and a binder, and he would go and cut grain for neighbours with his binder. However, his father wasn't \"hired\", the neighbour would come and help his father stook another time, \"repay it with labour\".","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1.0,123.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Life of parents, match making","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=123.0,636.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls that his father came from Eastern Alberta, from Andrew/Mundare, Alberta. His father had only 80 acres when he got married and started farming, 70 miles east of Edmonton. His father realized that he couldn't acquire any more land there, because it was a very well-settled community. When he heard of good farming land in the Peace River country, he travelled there in the fall of 1927, and made a deal on a piece of land. Basisty's parents moved up there in 1928. Basisty thinks that his father just walked around and looked for some land for sale. His parents were already married at this time, and had two children.\nBasisty explains that his father was about two years old when he came to Canada, with his parents, his older brother and older sister. Basisty believes that his father's family went with other people from their village and went to a community where they already knew some people. They settled in Andrew. Basisty's grandfather worked in a mine and died in an accident after several years in Canada. It was a coal mine south of Edmonton but Basisty doesn't know the exact place. Basisty's father always said that he did not remember his father to much. He was hurt in the mine and didn't live very long after that. His father was probably about 4-5 years old when he lost his father.\nBasisty's father was born in Zadovich (?), L'viv region. His father didn't remember anything about his native village. Later, after the war, some of his father's friends visited Ukraine, and they told him that the house where he had been born was still standing (and it's still standing today). Basisty's father never visited Ukraine again. The interviewer asks if Basisty's grandparents were still alive when he was growing up. Basisty's maternal grandparents died shortly after his birth. He saw his paternal grandmother only twice in his life. She passed away in 1947 or 1948. The interviewer asks if Basisty's grandmother lived with them. Basisty says no.\nBasisty's mother was born in Beaver Creek district around Vegreville, Alberta. When Basisty is asked how his parents met, he explains that in those days, it wasn't about meeting and courting. A young girl and a young bachelor were of marriage age, and a marriage was arranged by people in the community or the young people's parents: \"I don't think there was too many dates before the wedding.\" He doesn't know it exactly how his parents came together but he himself observed this kind of match making when he was young. Asked whether \"these marriages worked out\", Basisty replies: \"Very well, very well!\"\nAsked about marriage age, Basisty recalls that his father was married at age 28, his mother probably 17. When the families were large and there were adult children in the family, they were told to go out and find a job and earn a few dollars and to marry. It would be a bad omen if they didn't marry at a young age.\nBasisty has two sisters. His younger sister isn't married, his older sister was probably 20 or in her early 20s when she got married. She married after the war.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=123.0,636.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Weddings, moonshine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=636.0,679.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls that there were a lot of weddings in the community, and they were very different than now. Most of them were held right out on the farm, in the yard. The ladies would come together and prepare the food. If it was a Ukrainian wedding, they would prepare cabbage rolls and perogies, meats of all kinds, fruits and vegetables. The Croatians would have a barbecue, they would barbecue an animal before the wedding. At Ukrainian weddings, there was an orchestra playing at the driveway and welcoming people to the wedding. A wedding was a \"2 or 3 days affair\", in particular in other communities with a bigger Ukrainian population, they would celebrate for a few days. In Basisty's community, they would probably celebrate for two days: the wedding day and the day after. People would help clean up and were still celebrating. Weddings took place on weekends. Many weddings didn't take place in a church but right on the farm. There were churches \"of the Greek Orthodox religion and others but there were not preachers around all the time, eh?\" In many cases, the preacher would travel to the farm and perform at the house. Asked about \"what was going on during the weddings\", Basisty replies: \"Drinking and singing.\" There was also a presentation in the afternoon or in the evening but most of the time, it was a feast with drinking, and the older people sang traditional songs. The songs made the bride cry and prepared her for the hardships she was going into. It was a custom to make the bride cry. The bride's mother would also cry because she is losing a daughter. \nLater on, people would get married in a hall in town where it was handier. On the farm, the wedding would take place outside but there were always flies, insects and bugs. Sometimes, there weren't enough tables, and they had two or three different settings for the guests that showed up. It was a lot of work for the cooks and helpers. People would go around in the community and borrow silverware and plates because a lot of people had only one or two extra-plates for the size of their families. For a wedding, 4 or 5 different neighbours would bring their cutlery and dishes. Usually, the young couple that was going to be married would drive around and invite people to the wedding. They invited in the name of their parents.\nAsked what drinks were served at the wedding, Basisty recallls that they were mostly home-made (wine) but they would also buy beer. Mostly it was \"home-made brew or moonshine or whatever you call it\". Basisty says that his parents never made moonshine but there was lots of it available in the community. A lot of it was made from fruits. Basisty's parents bought prunes, dried apples and sugar and gave them to the people who made moonshine. Basisty says that making moonshine was never legal but moonshine is still available. People also made money by selling moonshine but it was risky because penalties were pretty high. He remembers stories of people who were \"shook up\" because they were caught with moonshine in their possession or the distillery was found. Some used copper materials which is very dangerous for the process of distilling, it can cause lead poisoning. One of his friends returned from a wedding where he had drunken moonshine and was very sick, it was a bad case of lead poisoning. His parents were told that it was an attack of appendicitis. Doctors were not available, so his friend probably just drank water to \"get over it\". The doctor was maybe 10-12 miles away, that was considered a pretty long distance, and transportation was a problem. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=636.0,679.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work life before marriage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=679.0,1321.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked about the type of work people would do before marriage in his community, Basisty recalls that most of the girls would have a job in a café as a waitress, in a store or even on the farms as hired girls. There wasn't much industry around, and no need of bookkeepers and so on.\nYoung men worked mostly in logging camps, on the railroad or in farming. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=679.0,1321.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Home remedies","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1321.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls home remedies. When he or his siblings had a bad cold, and the fever would be so bad that the child was almost delirious, they would use a cool sponge or cloth of vinegar and water placed on the forehead to break the fever. Probably, they had some cough medicine in a bottle but that wouldn't really help. Many children would get sick in the wintertime. There were some salves available for burns and cuts but people went to the doctor only when it was really serious. Iodine was widely used as antiseptic for cuts and bruises. People had many scars on hands and feet that never saw a doctor, and no stitches were made. Basisty's parents kept red liniment as medicine at home which was good for sores. They would mix it with hot water, and they would drink it. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1321.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Child birth, baptisms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1499.0,1708.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty was born at home, his mother had a midwife attending her. It was a lady from the community. His siblings were also born at home. When a child was born, the children were taken away or kept out of the house. Maybe the small ones were in another room. Some of the neighbour children heard screaming but it wasn't talked about it, and they didn't know what was going on until they were shown their little brother or sister. It wasn't explained: The stork brought someone on the doorstep. (He laughs.) The children were pretty old when they were baptized: From time to time, a preacher or priest would come in, and a certain house would be designated where the baptisms were performed. There was a lot of screaming because the children were put into the water pretty deep. Basisty can't recall the baptisms of his younger siblings. Basisty was told that he had godparents but right now he can't recall who it was. He is sure that he knew them but he can't name them.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1499.0,1708.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Funerals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1708.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty is asked about funerals. There were no funeral homes. He remembers his parents talking about that the person who passed away was just laid into a home-made coffin and there was an all-night vigil the day before the funeral. Somebody would arrange for a minister or preacher, they would hold a service in the house. If the funeral was in the wintertime, the men of the community would go to the cemetery and dig the grave. There was a meal in the house at the day of the funeral. 40 days after the death of the person, there was another meal. It was called \"spomynky\" in Ukrainian.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1708.0,1860.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social activities","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1860.0,1882.51429"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060/index/77313/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People just dropped by in the afternoon on their way to town or to the post office which was located in the community store.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133060#t=1860.0,1882.51429"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 3 - 2003-091-184.mp3"]},"duration":1452.51265,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/133/061/small/audio-default.png?1640635330","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/133/061/original/2003-091-184.mp3?1660935697","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1452.51265,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 2.3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Visiting, berry picking","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=0.0,105.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls that on Sundays, people would visit the neighbours or they would be invited for dinner or supper. If there were berries in the community, people would go to the berry patch and visit there. They had a lot of good strawberry patches in their community. It was the same with raspberries and Saskatoons (Saskatoon berries). They would pick berries together. Asked about how they knew that somebody was coming to visit, Basisty says that the dog would bark and somebody would appear in the driveway (he laughs). Sometimes, a child would be sent over to the neighbours to invite somebody.\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=0.0,105.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social life, newcomers, stories from the old country","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=105.0,475.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty recalls that their community was very cooperative, they helped each other. Nationality and religion didn't matter. Different nationalities had their regular get-togethers to celebrate a national holiday but usually, the whole community would be together. They also had a lot of school picnics at the end of the school year. There were other picnics too on some holidays. Women would meet earlier and had several ice cream makers in use. People brought potluck, and everybody celebrated together.\nAsked about the friends of his parents, Basisty recall that not only Ukrainians were their friends. They had a family close-by that were English, and they visited each other. There were not too many newcomers in his community when he was growing up. Later on, some of the original settlers moved off and others came in. Basisty's father sponsored a fellow \"from the Ukraine\" to come to Canada. They stayed for a while and eventually settled about 30 miles east of their place. This man was very thankful to Basisty's father that the latter had signed the affidavit for him to come to Canada. That was during the war, in the early 1940s. They had many stories of their homeland, \"of what many people thought still was their homeland, in the Ukraine\". The man became a successful farmer in Canada. Basisty never heard any stories about the old country from his parents. His mother had a very tough life when she was young: \"It was all hard work and very little family life.\"\nAsked why his grandparents decided to come to Canada, Basisty says that in the case of his paternal grandparents, it was a matter of \"more freedom\". Basisty heard from his parents that people had to work for landlords in the old country, and they were enticed by stories of vast lands to settle. He also heard that people hadn't enough fire wood or timber. He often heard people saying that they were happy to have land with a lot of bush on it, they used the wood to construct buildings. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=105.0,475.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Identity, prejudices","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=475.0,818.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked about how he identifies himself, Basisty recalls that his family was proud to be in Canada. Some nationalities had \"difficulties with freedom in Canada\" because they were often \"mistreated\". It was only later that \"we were taught to say that we were Canadians\". Before that, everybody was identified by his/her nationality: \"There wasn't as much unity in the earlier days\". Asked if his family identified as Ukrainian, Basisty says: \"Yes, I would think so.\" Even in school, the teacher never stressed the fact that the people living in Canada were Canadians. Some were still identified as a \"foreigner\" because of a \"different nationality\". Basisty talks about \"the English-nationality people\": \"Their forefathers were in Canada longer than the other ethnic groups. So that is why they more or less labelled the people as foreigners.\" Asked if he himself felt this kind of condescension, Basisty says that it \"showed up at times but it was not really from the older generation. It was mostly the younger people that had their little ways of picking on different nationalities.\" Basisty recalls that a Ukrainian would be called by these people a \"bohunk\" or \"garlic snapper\": \"You'd be judged as a lower class of people, that's all.\" Basisty says that there were not too many such incidents in his community, \"it did flare up at school once in a while\" when children were fighting or arguing. It is the same today, there is bullying in schools: \"There is always someone to pick on in a crowd\".\nBasisty thinks that his Ukrainian heritage wasn't \"stressed that much\". He says that \"you had no choice\" and \"you accepted it\". Basisty says he can't say he is proud to be Ukrainian, \"I'm a Ukrainian by accident. I had no choice to say what I would be, eh?\" Now, he is \"only to happy to live in a country like this\", there is \"a fair amount of freedom\", and people don't have to worry too much about violence in his area. \"It is showing up in the bigger centres\". ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=475.0,818.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Parental home, water supply, washing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=818.0,1120.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty grew up in an \"ordinary lumber building\". It was very cold because it was not insulated. It was heated with wood. There was one bedroom, a kitchen and a living room. The water pail froze on the table during the night in the winter time. In the summer time, it would be hot in the house and the mosquitos and bugs were \"plentiful\". They couldn't open the windows before there were screens for the windows, and they cooked on a wooden stove, so it was pretty hot inside. They used to build smatches and used fly catchers (sticky straps). In the summertime, they could find poisonous mushrooms which they would soak and water and leave it in a tray on the window sill to kill the insects. Every farm yard had lots of flies then because there was livestock close to the house.\nBasisty's father remodelled the house in 1944. They insulated the walls and put siding onto the outside. In the earlier days, the curtains would weave when the wind was blowing outside: \"It wasn't exactly air-tight.\" Asked what they did to keep themselves warm, Basisty replies: \"Sat by the heater\".\nThey had a well on their farm, 12-14 feet deep. That was drinking water. They used melted ice or snow for washing in the winter time, because it was a softer water. In the summer time, they would haul water in from a slough or creek for washing or bathing. Washing was done by hand with a tub and a rub board. The clothes were wrung out by hand first, and then they used hand crank wringers. That was done weekly. His mother did the laundry on Mondays when he was growing up. There used to be a poem in school about wash days. The clothes were dried outside on the clothes line. In the winter time they would freeze. After that, they had to be dried in the house. Basisty's mother did all the washing. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=818.0,1120.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social life then and now","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=1120.0,1345.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty is asked about special memories of his childhood and youth. He stresses that people had more time to visit and to socialize than they have now. People were driving with a team of horses, and if somebody came in the opposite direction, they would stop and talk for a while. If someone had a radio, they heard some news and people would talk about the world situation. Now when people have vehicles, you meet one another without even recognizing each other. In the 1960s, neighbours would stop at the fence with a tractor, and now, \"everything is speeded up\". Basisty imagines that now \"everyone is trying to make a dollar, every move he makes.\" Now, farming is a business, and people are too busy: \"Every hour counts, one way or the other. Years ago, people didn't worry. If they didn't do it today, they do it tomorrow\".\nOn Sundays, there was very little work done anywhere. Stores were closed on Sundays, it was illegal to have them open. Now, \"you have 24 hours shopping all over.\"\nOn Sundays, children would go on sleds or looking for rabbits or wild birds. In summer, they did berry picking, picnicking or swimming. They had a nice sand shore on the river that was loaded with people from the community on Sundays. They also did fishing. People spent their time \"visiting and resting\".","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=1120.0,1345.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why Basisty doesn't want a copy of the interview","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=1345.0,1452.51265"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061/index/77314/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basisty is asked if he wants to add something, he says no. He also doesn't want a copy of the interview for his family because he doesn't think that his family would be interested. He states that his grandchildren are living in a \"different type of world now\": \"Their interests are not of the past\". He says that his grandchildren don't understand the hardships people went through because when they were growing up, welfare was available. The interviewer says that Basisty has to let her know if he changes his mind and wants to get a copy of the interview. In the end, the interviewer persuades Basisty to accept a copy of the interview. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58731/file/133061#t=1345.0,1452.51265"}]}]}]}