{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jq0sq8rs78/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Elizabeth \"Betty\" Waldern (née Cunningham)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Waldern, Elizabeth (née Cunningham) (Interviewee)","Hall, Leslie (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2003-08-21 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["mp3 (AV Type)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["UF2003-091-543 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2023-09-10"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 5 - 2003-091-543.mp3"]},"duration":1841.03733,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/207/839/original/2003-091-543.mp3?1694375079","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1841.03733,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family background, mother's involvement in Salvation Army","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=4.0,168.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Elizabeth Jeanne Rose Cunningham Waldern was born on July 26, 1931, in the old Galt Hospital in Lethbridge, Alberta, and she has lived here ever since. She is the youngest of six children. All of her siblings have passed away.\nHer father Leo Cunningham was born on February 9, 1892, in Toronto, Ontario. Her mother Harriet Lydia née Hill was born on October 8, 1895, in Innisfail, Alberta: \"That was back a long time.\"\nBeing the youngest, Waldern was at home longer than the rest of her siblings, and she \"took in\" more what happened at home. When she was about 5 years old, her parents separated, and her mother was the \"sole bread winner\". In order to provide for her family, her mother rented a rooming house and took in boarders and roomers, and \"helped everybody that came along\". Her mother was very active in the Salvation Army, she was known as \"Mrs. Salvation Army\". Whenever somebody came to her door, she handed out whatever the person would need. Waldern remembers her mother making sandwiches and coffee to give them to someone at the door. She also would provide a place to sleep, or clothes for people who lost everything in a fire. \nWarden learned at a very early age that it was important to help other people: \"So, I have patterned my life that way.\" ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=4.0,168.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Salvation Army, charity, Special Olympics","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=168.0,323.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern has also been involved with the Salvation Army all her life, from the time when she was about one and a half years old, and she is still a regular attender. At the moment, she is in charge of one of the senior lodges, she does the church service twice a month, and she is the leader of the ladies' group in their church. If there is a need for a Sunday lunch or a special lunch, she is the one who is always phoned. Waldern states that there is always something to do, there is never a boring moment. Sometimes, she thinks that there are not enough hours in a day to accomplish everything that needs to be done. She often thinks that the next week will be less busy and she could do something she wants to do but as a rule, the next week is even busier.\nWalden has been involved in many things in her life time. She was the founding president of the Lethbridge Life Line Association. She felt that it was a very important program to bring in life line for people living alone, so that they would be able to contact somebody in precarious situations very fast. It's a very successful program today.\nWaldern was also very involved in Special Olympics, she worked as a coach for 25 years, mostly for bowling. She served eight times for the management committee. She was doing that because her daughter is mentally challenged, it was a way to help her a little bit more.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=168.0,323.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A daughter with special needs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=323.0,478.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern married in 1953 and had one son, born in 1955, of whom she is very proud of. He follows her footsteps and keeps busy too. Waldern's marriage \"didn't last all that terrifically long\". There were problems with the in-laws, \"and there is nothing worse to devastate a marriage than that\". When her son was about 11, Waldern's brother called her and asked her if she would take in his daughter who was \"somehow challenged\". She was pregnant and in a very abusive relationship, and had to get away: \"Of course, I said yes, and I took her.\" She stayed about eight months with Waldern, and a baby girl was born. Her brother's daughter was not able to take care of that baby, so Waldern kept that baby and raised her as her own, as her daughter. Waldern's daughter is now almost 37 years of age. She is mentally challenged but can do \"quite a few things\". Waldern states that living with such a person means that you \"don't have two days the same, you don't know what tomorrow is going to bring.\" Sometimes, Waldern doesn't know \"what the next minutes are going to bring.\" Her daughter never stops to talks, she talks about everything. Sometimes, it is very difficult, and Waldern has to get away from her for a few minutes. \"All in all, it has been a pleasure raising her.\" Waldern wanted her to learn as much as she can and to make her self-sufficient. However, she will never be able to live on her own without someone to guide an direct her. \n\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=323.0,478.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Salvation Army, welfare payments and a family tragedy in the 1930s","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=478.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern has been in the band and in the choir of The Salvation Army. She has also been a Sunday school teacher. She has done the bible training, and a cub leader. She has done \"all sort of different things.\" Waldern \"loves and appreciates everything The Salvation Army does.\" She states that \"we are not there for ourselves\" but those in need.\nWaldern's mother had a boarding house and took in boarders and roomers. There was a lack of money, and the family went through very difficult days. It was the \"Dirty Thirties\". There was \"no charms, pretty much everyone was on welfare.\" Even business owners were on welfare, \"it almost seemed to be a way of life back then\". Those who were in charge of welfare back then \"didn't have a heart\" and didn't care about people, \"and were downright mean in many instances.\"\nWaldern remembers one couple living in her mother's house. They had a little baby girl. Christmas was approaching, and all they had was the welfare bag \"which was basically nothing.\" The man was doing odd jobs and earned 5 dollars, and \"made the big mistake of not reporting it to welfare.\" He thought that he would buy something for his wife and baby daughter for Christmas. He bought a doll for his daughter and something for his wife (Waldern doesn't remember what exactly, perhaps a new dress). Welfare discovered what he had done, and the man was immediately deported to Scotland (he was originally from there), and his wife and baby daughter were left because they were Canadian. He tried numerous times to get back to Canada and ended up in jail \"for trying\". The wife was young, only about 18 years old, and had no means of support, so her baby was taken away and she was \"left high and dry\" with nothing. She ended up with a ruined life. The baby girl was put in a foster family and later illegally adopted (Waldern found out later about that), and the girl was physically and sexually abused. She had many emotional problems. About two years before this girl passed away, Waldern met her at a friend's home. The girl told Waldern that she had felt that her parents didn't want her, that they had abandoned her. Waldern was able to tell her the true story: \"It made all the difference in her life.\" She died relatively young, her health was gone but she was able to reunite with her natural mother, \"and have a little bit of a relationship.\" It was a tragedy, the lives of all three were ruined through five dollars: \"It was so senseless.\"","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=478.0,780.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another tragic family story","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=780.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls another case (she doesn't indicate when). A husband disappeared. They didn't know if he had met foul play or just had deserted, \"there didn't seem to be any rhyme or reason to it.\" His wife was devastated. She stared to do housework to support her three little children (two girls and a boy. less than a year old). Welfare worked told her that they would take her children only for a walk but the children were never brought back. Waldern and her mother did a lot of counselling for her. Eventually, the woman found her little boy. When they became interested in genealogy, the two girls discovered that they had been adopted (they had told that they were cousins before). The two also found their brother, and later also their mother. They had a life together for a number of years before the mother passed away. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=780.0,906.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The nursing mission","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=906.0,972.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was the so-called \"nursing mission\" back then which was supposed to be a place were young mothers could get milk for their children or help with their babies. The lady who was in charge of this was \"very cruel, she didn't have a heart at all.\" She was very sharp with the people who went there and made them feel that they were \"worthless, that they were nothing.\" Many people went away crying but that was very common back then, much different than today. However, Waldern sometimes thinks that we are getting back to those days when we are \"counting everything so carefully\" and forget our humanism.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=906.0,972.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"War time rationing, preserving food","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=972.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the war years, everybody got a ration book with the stamps in them. A lot of things weren't available at all. Everything with gelatin one could get only very seldom. Gelatin powder was almost unavailable. Waldern recalls one shipment: There was a huge line in front of the grocery store, and one person could get two packages: \"It wasn't important what flavour so long as it was jello.\" Later she found out that the gelatin was needed for the service men so that their blood would clot when they were injured. She thinks that back then there were no blood transfusions. When they ate more gelatin products, their blood was more likely to clot.\nWaldern also remembers the ration coupons for coffee, sugar, tea, meat and gas for the car. Waldern remembers exchanging coffee stamps for sugar stamps: Other people didn't use the sugar, they didn't use the coffee because they drank mostly tea in their home. They needed the sugar for preserving and canning.\nWaldern recalls that there was a warehouse, and people could get a case of fruit for one dollar. Waldern remembers getting a huge case of peaches. They took the case home with a wagon, and her mother would preserve the fruits for the winter. She also made some jam. The last things that came in fall were big apples. The limit was about two boxes. Eggs were scarce but Waldern has no idea why. When her mother got eggs she preserved them in a big crock with water glass.\nThere was a lady who came around with horse and buggy and sold vegetables from the farm. Waldern's mother would always buy something from her because the lady was trying to support her family. It was their \"last dollar\" that went to that lady. Everybody had a dirt cellar at that time, and they stored boxes of carrots there. A basement like nowadays was uncommon. The boxes were in fact wooden crates full of sand, and the carrots were buried in the sand, and the carrots would stay crisp over the winter. The did the same with potatoes. Her mother always had onions, they grew onions.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=972.0,1354.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The rooming house, doing repairs oneself","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=1354.0,1536.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The family was very busy with their rooming house. People would move in and out, and many times, roomers would \"damage things so badly\". Waldern remembers one incident: When people moved out, there was a big hole in the wall. Waldern calls her mother \"the mother of inventions\" because they didn't know how to repair this. In the end, they mixed newspapers and some kind of plaster together and filled the hole with that. Then they took a piece of oil cloth and put some paste on it and closed the hole. Then they put fresh wallpaper on, and the hole was not visible anymore. Waldern learned to hang the wallpaper herself, she even learned how to make a nice border. They had linoleum on the floor, and they would paint the floor with a special beige colour instead of exchanging the whole linoleum. They cut a pattern in a potato cut in a half in order to make in new pattern on the linoleum. When that was dry, they would paint it over with a special plastic, it would shine like a highly waxed floor, and it was good for another two or three years. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=1354.0,1536.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Babysitting, a plastic eye","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=1536.0,1736.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern did babysitting from the time she was about 10 years old. Her mother was shocked when she discovered that Waldern was babysitting a \"brand-new baby\" at the age of 10. Later, she would also babysit the children of her siblings. Particularly with one brother's children (three little boys), there were some problems. The youngest boy was born with only one eye, so he had a plastic eye, and when he wanted to get rid of his babysitter pretty fast, he would take out this eye and throw it at this person. In that case, Waldern would come and help. The first thing was to find the eye, to clean it properly, and get it back in. The boy was only about 4 years at that time. He did that quite frequently, and one time, Waldern paddled him, and after that, he didn't do that anymore for a while. Waldern says that it was bad enough having three boys to babysit but with that boy, it was particularly complicated: They were wild little Indians, those little guys. Both parents were working, and the little monkey kept doing that.\nWaldern's other brother lived next-door and had two little girls.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=1536.0,1736.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farm life, farmers' market","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=1736.0,1841.03733"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839/index/59299/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When Waldern was born, her family lived at an acreage in Coaldale, Alberta. Shortly thereafter, they moved on an acreage in the outskirts of Lethbridge, Alberta, which was then out in the country. Today, that would be in the Lakewood area. (The interviewer is amazed because today, that's an integral part of the city). Waldern's mother raised turkeys and a garden. They also had a cow or two, so her mother sold butter and eggs, and cream, and turkeys at the farmers' market. Her mother also did a lot of baking for the farmers' market. Waldern would join her mother at the farmers' market: Her mother would put a coat onto a pile of hay, and Waldern would sleep there. Waldern still remembers the smell, the aroma of the farmers' market. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207839#t=1736.0,1841.03733"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 5 - 2003-091-544.mp3"]},"duration":1880.30133,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/207/842/original/2003-091-544.mp3?1694375080","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1880.30133,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farmers' market in Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=41.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls that she realized only as an adult what the specific aroma of the farmers' market had been: fresh dill. There were other children to play with but usually Waldern slept there because she had to get up very early in the morning to get there. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=41.0,80.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rooming House, red light district, a drunken man","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=80.0,435.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern tells the interviewer that now she can ask questions. The interviewer asks about what food they were growing on their own and what did they purchase in the store. Waldern recalls that they always had a little garden but when they were in town, it was hard to have the same kind of garden they had on the acreage. The soil was not very good in town, there was coal beneath the surface. They even had a coal chute in the basement of their house. Behind the furnace, there was a big pile of coal. Waldern liked to play there but her mother was not amused, as she got black all over. Later on, the furnace was converted over to gas (it was the same furnace). The coal chute was nailed shut. The rooming house was a duplex. It was located on 5th Avenue, where today the \"Fountain Tire\" (Goodyear) is. It was possible to enter the house in the basement and get out on the other side, which Waldern used to do quite often. They were on the route to the hospital, so there was always a lot of traffic. People knew that they could come to Waldern's mother for help. They were also close to the red light area which was to the north of them. It was \"quite an active area at that time\". She remembers some of the ladies from the red light district wearing enormous hats. They always wore shoes that were at least two sizes too small, so when they sat down, they had to take those shoes off. They were sitting in front of their house, \"trying to get business\". Waldern recalls that they always had to watch carefully because there was so much traffic. They had to watch who would get into their house, often there were people who were drunk. When Waldern was 10 years, she would often stay at home alone because her mother was involved in so many things in the city. She was not really alone because there were always other people in the house. She remembers the drunkards coming to the door but Waldern thought that she was \"so secure in those days\". People would buy a cheap lock, and everybody had the same key. Now she thinks: \"How could we be so stupid!\" (Waldern laughs.)\nWaldern remembers one night being home when she was sick, she had \"pneumonia or something\", and was in bed. Her cat was with her. A man came to  in to the hallway, he was drunk and falling down, he was trying to dial some number on the telephone but it didn't work. He wanted to get to their place but  Waldern had the door locked, so he decided to take the hinges off. Waldern escaped through the basement and knocked on the doors of people living on the other side. A neighbour came over and kicked the drunken man out. Waldern was extremely scared, she was only about 11 years old. After that, Waldern's mother decided to move the telephone out of the hallway. That helped to some degree.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=80.0,435.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern's phone number","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=435.0,559.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When her mother got the first telephone, the number was 3264. Later on, the telephone company added a digit (7) to it, so it became 73264. Then, they introduced a prefix: FA73264. It is still Waldern's telephone number, it has been in her family 65 years. (The interviewer is amazed.) Waldern recalls that people back then had no trouble remembering a phone number. Sometimes, people she wished they would forget her phone number didn't. Her ex-husband has never forgotten her phone number to this day: He can remember her phone number to ask how their son is doing but he can't remember their son's phone number. It is kind of a joke in their family. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=435.0,559.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Senior citizens organization in Lethbridge, Alberta; old age pensioners","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=559.0,1034.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern states that she has a lot of memories from when she was younger. A lot of people living at their rooming house had problems. It was her mother who helped to establish a senior citizen organization around 1940. The situation for seniors was really bad at that time. The old age pension was 15 dollars per month for people at least of 70 years of age who had to be absolutely destitute: \"They couldn't have anything, not a red cent.\"\nWaldern's mother had a couple of tiny rooms rented out to seniors. They paid 8 dollars rent for their room, and everyone in the house helped them out with food. If they were making soup or stew, they would always take a plate to them. Both of these old men were very kind-hearted people. They were elderly and tried to survive on an old age pension. One of them was 83 years old, and he would walk the streets all day to get into a bank to cash his pension check, so people wouldn't see him. People thought it was terrible for anyone to receive a pension, they would be cruel and mean to anyone who received a pension. People on welfare or a pension were \"considered useless, considered dirt\". The 83-year old man came home with eggs and tomatoes on his clothes, and he had been severely beaten up when he had been caught cashing his cheque.\nThat was the background that her mother and other people decided that something had to be done in order to try to better the situation of the seniors. There were people who had worked hard all their lives but they could not put anything away. People gathered at their house and thought about establishing a club: \"They had so many bridges to cross in order to do that.\" Waldern's mother worked with Jack Landeryou who was a member of parliament at that time, he later became the MLA for Lethbridge. He provided the first meeting space. In January 1942, the Old Age Pensioners Association was established. The very first president that was elected had to resign: \"either resign or you lose your job\". His wife was doing housework to support the family, \"and she was told the same thing\". Both were crying when they were handing in the resignation. They had three children and had no choice. The first year was \"pretty rocky\" because people would be threatened. Waldern's mother was the first secretary of the association: \"Nothing swayed her, she stayed with it.\" Groups sprang up in Taber, For Macleod, Pincher Creek and Blairmore (all in Alberta). A provincial group was formed in 1945. People from Saskatchewan met with Waldern's mother and other people. The first national convention was held in Lethbridge at the Saint Aloysius Church. It was located where now Jordan's Studio is. Only the basement of this church was built, as it was the case with Saint Patrick's church. Saint Aloysius never got the top on because of lack of money. There was a convent as well as a church there. It was a scary and cold building. \nIn 1952, the name of the association was changed to \"Old Age Pensioners Organization\". In 1959, it was again renamed to Pensioners and Senior Citizens Organization because they realized that there were other types of pensioners that needed their help. That way, pensioners and senior citizens were named separately. Today, the organization takes care of different types of people, like blind or disabled people. They have to speak up for them as well.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=559.0,1034.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Community work, banquets","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=1034.0,1509.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern started to be involved in her mother's community work at a very young age: I didn't have a choice back then. She was about 10-11 years old, when they held the first banquet of the the Senior Citizens Association. The ladies prepared it, it was not like today when you get catering. The president would bring some vegetables, and a farmer would bring a turkey. All the daughters and granddaughters of the association had to serve at the banquet, and they weren't asked, they were just told to do so. Her mother would always prepare clothing with her sewing machine. At Saint Patrick's Day, Waldern would have a green outfit, for instance. Every year, her mother would make a new apron and cap, made out of crepe paper. At the beginning, the organization was located at 10th Street right across the city hall. There was an auditorium on the 3rd floor. The 2nd floor was rented out to some single men who didn't know where to live. There were also offices, a gym and a swimming pool downstairs. It was the worst stairway I think I have ever seen in my whole entire life. It was narrow, steep as could be and crimped. And you literarily had to climb on your hands and knees to get up there to the 3rd floor. Waldern remembers old ladies to get up there to attend the meetings. There was a kitchen and staff at the second floor that made meals, and sometimes they catered to the banquet but not too often. Later, the office of the association relocated to the 1st Baptist Church where the professional building is now. After some time, they went one block south to the Presbyterian Church. Waldern explains at what other locations the association was located in the course of its history. \nWaldern recalls a banquet that stands out in my mind, in the Civic Sports Centre. The president got some turkeys and some vegetables. It was from the jail farm, at that time, the jail had a farm. It was around 1947. At every single banquet they put on, they had to have baked beans. 625 people came out to that banquet. The ladies wanted to serve jello salad. At that time, the Civic Centre had an outdoor swimming pool but as it was winter, it wasn't in use. So they set their jello out there because it was cold. The cement ledge around the swimming pool was wide enough to hold all these jello salads. Nobody could get in because you had to go through the building to get to it. The ladies had to carry all the 40 jello salads to set from the kitchen through the whole building to the swimming pool. There was no refrigerator in the Civic Centre at that time. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=1034.0,1509.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Refrigeration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=1509.0,1880.30133"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842/index/59300/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked about whether they had a fridge in the rooming house when Waldern was growing up, she explains that they had an ice box. The ice man came a couple of times a week and brought ice. The first ice box they had was very small, and her mother decided that she wanted something bigger. Someone had an older Beatty wringer washer. It was a beautiful coffer tub. Her mother put ice and food in there, and put a lid on it. When the ice melted, they had to collect the water in a pail. They had this ice box for a long time in the corner of their kitchen. It kept the cold in it very well. Some people dug holes in their yard, put a box down in the hole and covered it over. Sometimes, the neighbourhood dog would find out and got the roaster or what ever was down there. The ice man would bring ice twice a week.\nWaldern remembers when they got their first electric refrigerator. It was General Electric, the motor was on at the top, and it had a lid on it. You could lift the lid of and work on the motor. Her mother would make bread dough in a big glass bowl and put it on top of the refrigerator so that the lid of the motor would not be thrown off by the movements of the motor. It was warm there, and that helped to rise the dough. Once when Waldern put something in the refrigerator, the bowl with the dough came down, hit the handle of the door and broke, and a great big piece went into my arm. It didn't bleed right away, and Waldern couldn't feel anything. Waldern walked to the other room where her mother was sitting and said: I think I have to go to the hospital. Her mother walked her down to the hospital which was just one block away. On the way, Waldern told her mother that she wanted a specific doctor to sew her  hand up but her mother told her that she should be treated by whoever was there. The first person the spotted at the hospital was the doctor Waldern had talked about. Waldern knew him and liked him. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207842#t=1509.0,1880.30133"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 5 - 2003-091-545.mp3"]},"duration":1870.12533,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/207/843/original/2003-091-545.mp3?1694375080","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1870.12533,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Filled-in coulees and mines in Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=13.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern talks about the Maids Home. Across from their place was the nurses residence, and then they built the Maids Home. It was half-built, and the children played at the construction site. Waldern hurt her neck there. They would play ball at a field next to their place. Now they try to build things on filled-in coulees, and Waldern knows perfectly well that buildings will not hold there because people just dumped dirt there. She thinks if they dug down they might find the wreck of a car down there. It's quite ironic for Waldern to see apartment buildings built on 1st Ave. on filled-in coulees. She would not invest her money in one of these places. Waldern recalls problems that have occurred in Lethbridge due to the unstable ground. The university has the same problem. People don't realize that the city is all undermined. Waldern remembers miners talking to each other when she was a little girl: The city is undermined all the way out to the research station. If there is very loud thunder, you hear the echo, and sometimes you feel the buildings tremble because there are shafts underneath. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=13.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lethbridge, Alberta; work at a laundry and a canning factory","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=239.0,647.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern remembers board sidewalks in downtown Lethbridge. There were outhouses everywhere, hardly anyone had indoor plumbing. The sidewalks were very slippery when they were wet. She remembers when they were building the first cement sidewalks: \"That was quite an attraction\", children liked to make their footprints in them. There was a riding school between 3rd and 5th and 6th Ave. You could rent horses for a horse-back ride there. The ice barns were across the alley from that (the ice was stored there). A block away was the Lethbridge laundry. Waldern worked there for a while in the shipping department but not too long because she couldn't do the heavy lifting. It was all very hot. One summer, she worked at the Broder Canning Factory in Lethbridge. When she was standing in line to get hired, she was told that she would be paid 53 cents an hour instead of 50 cents if she would work on the corn husker. She said that she didn't mind working on the corn husker and got hired. She is \"short\", and she had to stand at a cement ledge, and it was not easy to get up there. The corn is coming down, and she was feeding it in. She had to feed the corn in, and she didn't know how dangerous this was because the fingers can be taken off. The interviewer remarks that the additional 5 cent were danger pay. Waldern always worked the night shifts. She was about 16 then. She started working at 5 pm, and at midnight, they stopped for lunch. Then they would work until 3 or 4 in the morning, and got home by 5 am. There was a truck that picked them up and dropped them downtown. It was extremely hot in the factory. When they heard a whistle, they had to shut down their machines immediately because something was wrong. One girl lost three fingers of her hand in a corn husker. They had to go out and sit on the grass until everything was cleaned out. When they had to go back to work, Waldern felt sick to her stomach, she didn't know whether she wanted to do that anymore or not. Once they had to stay longer: They had to stay until the patch was finished. They had to stay until 5, and then they had to stay even longer. At 9.30 they could shut down the machines, they stumbled outside and drove them downtown. When she came home, her mother was ready to go to church. Waldern wanted to join her but her mother said that she should go to bed. Waldern had worked from 5 pm to 9:30 am. She had worked for 55 cents an hour, \"and I thought I was making a fortune back then\".","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=239.0,647.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work at a chicken hatchery, formaldehyde","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=647.0,1067.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern also worked at a hatchery for a while. That was on 4th Street at about 6th Ave. She was putting the eggs in the trays and worked at the incubators. She liked the work there. There were some incubators where the eggs were turned automatically but in others, they had to turn the eggs manually. When the  hatch was completed, somebody had to get all the chicks out and clean the incubators out. Back then, they cleaned the incubators with formaldehyde, that was the disinfectant. After that, the incubators were sealed for several hours because formaldehyde was considered so dangerous. Today, formaldehyde is used as a preservative in the food, \"and it just blows me\". Her son jokes that she shouldn't be too concerned because formaldehyde is an embalming fluid and she would be \"well embalmed\". Waldern tries to buy food that is not containing too much preservatives. The interviewer tells a story about how a teacher in school brought a jar with formaldehyde. Waldern recalls that a worker at the hatchery wanted to break the seals and start putting the eggs in the trays earlier, he got warned. The government inspector would always check the seals, and you could get fined if you broke them. Waldern reiterates her bewilderment that now formaldehyde is put into food.\nThe interviewer says that she first thought about fish when she heard the word \"hatchery\" but she has learned that it's about chickens. Waldern explains that the hatchery had contracts with farmers who would bring in crates of eggs. Their name was on the case, and they would get credit for their cases and would be paid for their eggs. When the chickens were hatched, there were different varieties of chickens. One incubator was, for instance, used for white leghorns, the other one for rock hens, Plymouth Rocks, and a third one for Light Sussex chickens. Some eggs were brown, other ones white (the ones of the white leghorns). The chicks all looked more or less the same. There was a \"Japanese fellow\" who sorted the chicks out because he could tell \"which were which\". They were put in boxes of 50, and farmers came to buy them. There were also farmer who didn't want any roosters. The Japanese worker used a special light at his desk to sort the chicks out. It was the co-op hatchery then. Waldern had problems with her back and couldn't lift the trays with eggs anymore, so she had to quit. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=647.0,1067.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Allergies","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1067.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern took a hair dressing course but also had to give up because of her back. Then she experienced problems with allergies, she had \"allergies to everything and anything\". Her worst allergy is honey. She can go unconscious from honey. Her favourite was bread and honey when she was little. The interviewer tells Waldern that her mother advised her to eat honey in the winter to build up immunity against different allergies. Waldern recalls that they used to make tonic with molasses, honey and something else in it. She got a spoon of it everyday. It was awfully sweet and hard to swallow. (Someone walks into the room, and the interviewer receives a phone call. She says that she recorded the interruption, \"that's gonna be a weird thing in the archive\". They are both laughing.) Waldern describes in detail the symptoms of her allergies, including breathing problems and unconsciousness. She had to be taken to the hospital. It was after her son was born. It was a really a challenge. She couldn't even touch the vegetables at the grocery because she had an allergic reaction. She couldn't peel potatoes. She also had allergic reactions to the first rain fall and first snow fall. Asked about the smoke in town, Waldern recalls that it bothers her. The interviewer says that she is bothered by the smoke too. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1067.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first nursing homes in Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1361.0,1542.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern belonged to an organization called the \"Ladies Organization for Civic Improvement\". They used to attend council meetings. The organization started the first nursing home in Lethbridge, Alberta. The first one was in a big square house next to the police station on 5th Street. It was 512 5th Street or something like that. They had to do a lot of painting and scraping to get the building into a good condition. They hired a lady to be the matron, her name was Lilly Faraway. Waldern remembers helping establishing the nursing home. A second nursing home was opened at 11th Street, it's still standing, it's a 3-storey-house. It is on 6 11th Street. The organization helped to look after the people in the nursing homes.\nWhen a hospital opened at a new site, they built the nurses residence behind it. So the nurses residence at 5th Ave. was closed, and it was transformed into another nursing home. At that time, Waldern's son was beginning school, and she was living straight up the street from that. She would see frequently patients of the nursing home, and she would go out and talk to them because they were very disoriented. Usually, they were trying to find their wives. Waldern would bring them back to the nursing home. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1361.0,1542.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Businesses in Lethbridge, Alberta; sawdust; delivery of food","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1542.0,1832.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a Sash and Door Factory on 5th Ave. in Lethbridge, Alberta. Waldern lived right across the street when her son went to school. Later, it went to the industrial park. The factory made windows and doors. People would go there and buy bags of sawdust, for their pets and for different reasons. The meat markets used to put sawdust on their floors. The Alberta Meat Market was on 5th Street. Next door was the National Bakery. You could buy a pie for a quarter there, or 49 cents for a beautiful decorated cake, or cream puffs. A man used to come with a cart from door to door. He was Danish and made Danish pastries: \"He made the most fantastic pastries\". He baked all night and then went from door to door to sell his pastries. Bread was delivered by horse and buggy. So was the milk, the dairy had drivers. Later on, they used trucks. In the winter time, the milk was always frozen. They got their milk and butter from the milk man. Bread and vegetables were delivered to the door. The interviewer says she likes this idea. Waldern explains that one could go out and pick what they wanted. Bread men delivered the bread by horse and buggy. They had their routes, there were about 12 routes in Lethbridge. They would hear the horse coming. In those days, people had no way of carrying things. They also used to have delivery boys from the grocery stores, they used to deliver groceries on their bikes. One of Waldern's brothers did that, it was his first job. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1542.0,1832.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work at the dairy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1832.0,1870.12533"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843/index/59301/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern worked for one year at the dairy, she \"did about everything there\". A few times, she was sent up to help with the bottling. She was hired to be a butter wrapper. Another task was to package the cottage cheese. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207843#t=1832.0,1870.12533"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 4 of 5 - 2003-091-546.mp3"]},"duration":1840.60533,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/content/4/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/207/841/original/2003-091-546.mp3?1694375079","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1840.60533,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.4 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work at the dairy, an ammonia accident in the dairy","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=3.0,408.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls that there was an amount of preservatives that went into the cottage cheese. She filled the cheese into containers. Some cheese went into plastic bags with a twist tie on them. There were also cardboard containers, they filled them and put a lid on them. It was not very different from what we have nowadays. That was done by hand, not by machines. Waldern can tell right now if there is too much preservative in cottage cheese. Sometimes, she had to candle the eggs. The interviewer asks what that was. Waldern explains that \"it was grading them\", like grade A and so on. They were separated on different sizes. They eggs were put onto trays and packed into boxes. Eggs with cracks were put aside and \"sold really cheap, people would buy those for baking\". Occasionally, Waldern was sent up to the ice cream room and helped make ice cream. She also got sent up to the dairy bar. She was all over the place. There was \"one very scary experience\": They were sitting in the butter room, wrapping butter. There were three or four people sitting at the table wrapping up the butter and one person cutting the butter into pounds. The butter cutter had poor command of English at the time but now he was waving his arms and yelling at them, \"grabbing us and pushing us\" into the cooler, and they didn't know what was going on. Finally, when they were in the cooler and the doors were shut, he told them that there was an ammonium break and that they had to stay in there. If they went out, they could die. But if they stayed in the cooler too long, they would freeze to death. The butter cutter knocked onto the window and tried to communicate with passers by. They should go to the dairy bar or the office and tell them that they were in the butter cooler. People would look at him and thought he was crazy. Finally a woman stopped and realized that there was something going on. The ammonium was invisible. Pretty soon, the superintendent of the dairy came down with a gas mask.  He would lead people one by one out. They couldn't see anything with the mask but the superintendent knew the dairy so well that he didn't have to see anything. The engineer in the boiler room where the accident had happened had been injured and taken to hospital, and it was uncertain if he would survive. Waldern recalls that they didn't know whether they would freeze to death or die otherwise: What would be the better choice? Waldern explains: There was no window in the butter cooler, the butter cutter went out in the room where they were wrapping butter and desperately tried to communicate with passers by, standing at the table. It wasn't too bad in that room yet. The butter cutter was so frustrated: Passers by stopped, looked at him and run away because they thought he was crazy. The problem for the butter crew trapped in the butter cooler was not only cold but also that there was no air. Waldern never thought that air was so good. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=3.0,408.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School years","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=408.0,454.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls that children were matched to a school according to what side of the street they were living on. Waldern started at Bowman School but too many children lived on her side of the street, so she was transferred over to Central School. In grade 6, she came back to Bowman School, and then back to Central: \"It was quite a juggling time\". ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=408.0,454.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An earthquake at Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=454.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While Waldern was in Central School, there was an earthquake. The school yard was just dirt, there was no lawn. Now we have grass, children don't play on dirt \"like we did back then\". She remembers the pattern in the dirt where the ground was all cracked. She doesn't remember the subject - maybe it was science -, and they were taken to the coulees and shown the big cracks in the coulees following the earthquake. Some cracks were like a foot: \"That was pretty scary\". The interviewer says: \"That's pretty neat.\" Waldern remembers that everything was moving when the earthquake hit, she was in school. The students were told to sit down on the floor. They thought that something was happening to the building and it was all over in a couple of minutes. For days, they were out studying these cracks. Some of the children were drawing these cracks, and other took pictures. The cracked earth reminded Waldern of cracks in a window. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=454.0,585.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thunder storms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=585.0,675.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern remembers some bad thunder storms when she was little and still living on the acreage. She was probably less than two years old, and her brother was supposed to looking after her. Her mother and sister were holding pillows to the windows to keep them from breaking from the hailstones. It was such a violent hail storm. The thunder was so bad, and Waldern was scared and crying. Her brother was \"most helpful\" and told her that she didn't need to be concerned: \"It was just God, he was mad.\" When Waldern asked why her brother told her that people had done things they shouldn't have done, so God was really mad and moving the furniture around. Her mother was standing at the window, started to laugh and told Waldern's brother to stop telling such things. But Waldern believed him whatever he told her. He was very successful in telling tales.\n\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=585.0,675.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Black blizzards","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=675.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern remembers black blizzards. When they did the farming back then, \"they didn't know enough to not plough the field when they were done.\" The soil was loose, a big windstorm would come up and the soil would move, and there were just clouds and clouds of dirt, and everything would get full of dirt. They had to shovel the dirt out of their house afterwards. It was \"awful\": \"It didn't matter how tight your house was sealed, it would get through.\" She used to wonder at that. One fellow called George was staying at their place, and on Saturday afternoon, he took the garbage out to burn it. Her mother told him not to get that barrel on fire because there was be a big storm coming. But he didn't listen. When the storm came, it was black like in the blackest night. The barrel was on fire, and they had to get that fire out because it would have got the fence on fire. They started to run out with buckets of water to put the fire out. There was night shopping on Saturday night, and the fellow was downtown. When he got home, he asked about the barrel and helped to put the fire out. Waldern's mother was mad at him but the rest was laughing at him because it was so funny. They had to have another bath and wash their hair again. Waldern reiterates that it was \"awful, just awful\". There is nothing worst than a black blizzard. Waldern was noticing not long ago a black cloud, and it was in fact dirt. It went across Lethbridge, and somewhere north, the dirt came down. Now, different farming methods prevent these kinds of storms. Waldern jokes that they got the best top soil from Saskatchewan, transported with dirt clouds. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=675.0,904.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Snow storms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=904.0,959.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls \"a wall of snow\" when she went to school. The city would come out with little tractors to clear the sidewalks from the snow, and produced these snow walls. The walls would get so high that the children could run at the roofs of the houses. On the farms, the cows and other animals would walk on the roofs too. It was dangerous because they were so heavy. When Waldern was \"a little tiny thing\", someone gave a pet pig to her. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=904.0,959.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pancakes, family life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=959.0,1086.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern's brothers were always making pancakes: \"Everything and anything went into the pancakes.\" One of her brothers put peanut butter and bananas and so on into the pancakes, when his children were little, \"and the kids thought it was wonderful, you know\". Once, Waldern's mother was at the farmers' market. She always had other children around, because her mother raised some other boys as well. At one time, there were about 5 boys at their house: \"My sister was mad at them because they were bugging her.\" So her sister didn't tell them that the milk they used was the cat's milk. She told them only after they had eaten the pancakes. When her mother came home, she was also mad because the children had used all her colourings and flavourings. They had made pancakes of every colour. The interviewer remarks that not many boys show interest in cooking.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=959.0,1086.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scarlet Fever","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1086.0,1192.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern's mother got scarlet fever when Waldern was about two and a half years old. She was quarantined in a hospital for a month. The hospital was located on 7th Ave., about 18th Street. Today, there is a big rooming house. Waldern's middle brother took care of her. Her brother baked bread although he was only a teenager at that time. He looked after the house. Her mother was shocked when she came home and found out what he had done. While her mother was in hospital, her brother took her (carried her) once a week to the hospital to give a chocolate bar bought for a nickel to the nurses who handed it over to their mother. Then her mother would come to the window, hold the chocolate bar up and show that she had it. That was the only way they could see her mother, it was hard for her. Waldern doesn't think that she was more than about two years old then. Waldern repeats that her brother was her caregiver at that time.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1086.0,1192.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chinooks","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1192.0,1344.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern is asked about chinooks. She recalls that they were not so frequent in her childhood but occurred more often when she was a teenager. She recalls that she went carolling with the Salvation Army. A band would play; they went from door to door collecting for Christmas. They did not stand on the corners so much as the Salvation Army does know. Waldern remembers some airmen who had come over from Britain during the war. They were Salvationists from Britain, and they came to their church and played in the band. They didn't know anything about what a chinook was. The band had a heater in the truck to keep the instruments from freezing. Someone looked out and said: \"Oh my Goodness, we have a chinook.\" One of the airmen got up and asked: \"Where, where, show me!\" The airman was disappointed because he could not see anything. People explained to him what a chinook was: a warm wind. It was so cloudy that they could not see the chinook arch. Waldern and the interviewer are both laughing that someone tries to see a warm wind from the mountains. Waldern repeats that this episode was very funny.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1192.0,1344.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Carolling with the Salvation Army, the smell of alcohol","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1344.0,1509.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls when she was out carolling (with the Salvation Army), she was about 18 years old. She was one of the collectors that night. At that time, she would get \"deadly ill\" if she got anywhere near the smell of alcohol: \"Oh boy!\" When they got to a house, there was a big party going on, and the group of the Salvation Army was invited to come in. Everybody was going to donate to the Salvation Army, and they circulated their box. There were a lot of people at the party. Waldern was a good collector, her box was full. When she came out, she felt very sick from the smell of alcohol. Usually, somebody from the church would invite the carollers for lunch. Waldern ended up in the bathroom and threw up. The captain was \"teasing the light out of me\".\n(Somebody walks into the room. The interviewer asks if it is ok to spend about 5 more minutes there, a male voice says they can spend as much time as they want there.)\nWaldern went home and threw up all night. The interviewer says poor girl. Waldern didn't have to drink, the smell was enough. She got teased about that for a long time.\n\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1344.0,1509.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Salvation Army, a typical week","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1509.0,1781.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern is asked about the Salvation Army. She recalls that when she was young, the church was a bee-house of activity. There was something going on all the time. Everyone was expected to be there, and if you weren't there, you needed a pretty good excuse for not being there. Waldern explains that the Salvation Army is patterned after the military, there are ranks like in the military. The members are called soldiers. The head of the Salvation Army is the general. When she grew up, the soldiers did what the commanding officers said. Today, it's different. Waldern doesn't agree with that, I think it should be more the way it used to be. A typical Sunday would look like that: Going to the Galt Hospital (in Lethbridge) in the morning for a service at 9, and then back to the church at 9:30 for a prayer meeting. They went down to the Alec Hotel for an open air, and then back to the morning service. The interviewer asks what open air means. Waldern explains: They were standing in front of the Alec Hotel. They had another church service at 11. They would have a drink at home, and then they would go to the jail for the jail service. After that, they returned to the church for Sunday school. Then they had  supper at home (an hour and a half), before going back to the church for prayer meeting, and again out for open air. Then they had an evening service, and after that a park service. From 9:00 in the morning until 9:30 pm, they were at the church.\nOn Mondays, there were Cubs and Scouts meetings, on Tuesdays band and choir practice. On Wednesday night, there could be bible studies, brownies, guides, the junior choir. Some were involved in all of that and went just from one to the other. Thursday night was the mid-week prayer meeting or mid-week service. Friday night was young people's (meeting), Saturday night was open air.\nWaldern recalls that she was busy all the time. There were additional meetings on Tuesday and Thursday afternoon, and the ladies would make things for the soldiers (they knitted bags and socks). \n\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1509.0,1781.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An experience at the church (incomplete audio)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1781.0,1840.60533"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841/index/59302/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern remembers an experience at the church when she was quite young. The church was always open, never locked. There was a whole bunch of children.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207841#t=1781.0,1840.60533"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 5 of 5 - 2003-091-547.mp3"]},"duration":1866.11733,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/public/images/audio-default.png","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/content/5/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/207/840/original/2003-091-547.mp3?1694375079","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1866.11733,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.5 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An experience at the church (incomplete audio)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=3.0,41.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":" (Continued from 1.4). Waldern recalls that \"it all ended well\" and that \"we had a number of things happening there\". The church was situated in a place were many people came by. The church was easily accessed by people. She underlines that they never knew what to expect. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=3.0,41.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Salvation Army canteen in Calgary, Alberta; counselling","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=41.0,138.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern was in some of the Salvation Army's canteens. There was a canteen at the barracks in Calgary, Alberta. They were nice, and the soldiers could go there for coffee, doughnuts or sandwiches. They would even get socks there, whatever they needed. Sometimes, someone needed to be able to phone home. Often, they needed counselling because they were away from their families. Sometimes, they couldn't handle it anymore. They would get some counselling by the officers who were trained for that. They took two years of training at a college on Young Street in Toronto. They were trained to deal with people who were threatening suicide. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=41.0,138.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Salvation Army activities, an anecdote about the immigration office","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=138.0,579.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern explains that in Lethbridge, they have a unit that can be prepared to hand out sandwiches and coffee. They also have a thrift store, and the money they get is used for Salvation Army programs. In some cases, people can't pay for their utilities, and they are helped out by the Salvation Army. In other cases, they pay for medication for somebody. They also pay the transportation to go for medical treatment in Calgary. Waldern recalls that the Salvation Army has hospitals, seniors' lodges, children's homes, treatment centres, rehabilitation centres for people with drug or alcohol problems at Miracle Valley, BC. Waldern says that the name has been recently changed. The Salvation Army also has the Pine Lake Camp in Alberta. They have a very well-organized program for children. Waldern usually goes to the Ladies' Camp and enjoys that \"immensely\". They always have a special speaker. This year they had a lady who originally came from England with her husband and two daughters. They had been in Canada for about 15 years. The youngest daughter had been four when they came to Canada, and she is in her early 20s now. They had to go through the immigration process. The immigration officer asked the man's name, and he said Robert Redhead. When he asked the woman, the man answered Glenneth Redhead, and the immigration officer said: \"I think she can answer for herself.\" The officer asked the older girl about her name (Joanne Redhead) and then the four-year old girl, and she said: \"Queen Victoria\". (Waldern and the interviewer are laughing.)\nWaldern says that they serve wonderful meals at the Ladies' Camp. There is a beautiful kitchen and dining hall, and a lovely chapel. Waldern stayed there with a friend, and they had the handicapped room because her friend has some problems. Waldern describes the room and the bedroom in great detail. A couple hundred women go there from all over Alberta. There is also an auction of parcels and baskets, and nobody knows what is in them. The money raised from the auction is used for a missionary project. Waldern recalls that the camp has a dog who was abused, a female dog called Angel. On the platform, there were several angel figures as part of the setup for the display. The man who held the auction would say every few minutes that he is going to auction an angel, and the dog walked up to him every time because she heard her name. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=138.0,579.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reflexions on the interview","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=579.0,637.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The interviewer is not sure whether she should ask some questions or listen to the recorded interview first and ask some questions at another session. The interviewer says how much she enjoyed the interview, \"what a treat\". The interviewer says that she will be back in September. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=579.0,637.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Outside games, ball games","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=637.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls that she used to play a lot of outside games when she was young: Hide and Seek, Kick the Can, Run Sheep Run. She can't remember exactly how the latter went but she roughly explains the rules. They also played Red Light, Green Light. They also did snow angels like they do it nowadays. Football was introduced when Waldern was going to school. They had to watch the older boys playing football, \"that was certainly a boys' game, the girls were supposed to be the cheer section\". Waldern remembers cheering but they didn't know what they were cheering about because it was so new. None of them knew what a touchdown was. Teachers told them to do something, and they did it.\nWaldern recalls that she was taught to play some basketball. Boys' and girls' games were strictly separated, and basketball was considered a girls' game. When Waldern was asked if even the Mormon boys didn't play basketball, she recalls that the Mormons weren't too strong back then.\nWaldern's mother also played basketball when she was young. Her mother told her how they travelled from town to town to play. Her mother grew up in Red Deer, Alberta. Basketball was a serious sport back then. Waldern was in her later teens when boys started to play basketball too.\nBaseball was played by boys and girls alike but only at certain times.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=637.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An accident at the slide","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=870.0,941.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At Central School, they had the highest slide in the area. The students were always warned to be very careful going up the steps to the slide, and they were told that they could break their necks. One day, a boy fell up from the top, and the other children were sure that he broke his neck because that is what they had been told. In fact, the boy broke his arm. Waldern recalls that they took things so literarily. Children never doubted what they were told. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=870.0,941.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cleaning brushes at school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=941.0,1023.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls that if a student did something really good, s/he could stay after school and clean the brushes: \"And that was a treat.\" Later, she thought that it was rather like a punishment. Other students cleaned the board. Now, Waldern thinks: \"Boy, were we stupid!\" These chores were presented as rewards. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=941.0,1023.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A music festival, a minstrel show in Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1023.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern recalls that they participated in a music festival, and they were \"dead sure\" that they would win if they were from Central School because they had two or three teachers who were \"just excellent\". They were always very proud. Waldern remembers that they were competing with the Southminister Church (in Lethbridge, Alberta). They got a whole big bag of lemons.\nWaldern also sang in the Rotary Girls Choir under the direction of a lady called Annie Call (?): \"She was extremely good with music. She was a little bit crippled.\" One leg was shorter than the other, so she had one shoe built up. Once, they decided to put on a musical production which took place in the old Capitol Theatre. An older man from the Rotarians by the name of Lawrence (?) with a wonderful voice sang the solo part. It was a show. It was a kind of Minstrel Show. The participants had all painted their faces black and wore white gloves: \"Oh, it was neat!\" Waldern recalls: \"It was a wonderful show!\" The show ran three nights. \"It was quite a deal\" for Lethbridge, \"it was such a success\". ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1023.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"minstrel shows","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1023.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1226.0,1450.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The interviewer states that it is \"a real treat\" to hear so many stories about Lethbridge. Waldern says that Lethbridge was \"so beautiful\" when it was much smaller. Galt Gardens was such a beautiful place, the centre was like one big flower box. It had a cement ledge were one could sit on. They flowers ran just as thick as they could be: \"It was the most beautiful place to go.\" The first museum was also there. They had their Sunday night church service there.\nPicking flowers was prohibited by law. Nobody would ever think of picking a flower. Waldern states it would be nice if the previous flower garden would be returned because that was what the area had been intended for.\nThere is a big building on 5th Street. The farmers market was on the ground floor. Originally, it was the Hudson Bay store. There was also a ball room in this building. Lots of people talk about the dances there but Waldern never went \"to anything like that\". She thinks that today there is an art gallery but she is not sure. For a while, the Salvation Army had the thrift store in this building. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1226.0,1450.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WW II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1450.0,1492.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern remembers when soldiers left for WW II at the old train station in Lethbridge. Some of the boys her mother had raised went overseas. She was devastated. She still can see all these soldiers getting on the train, looking out of the windows and waving at everybody. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1450.0,1492.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First Travellers' Aid in Lethbridge, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1492.0,1672.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Across the street from the train station, on 9th Street at about 2nd Ave., there was a big house. That was the first travellers' aid. Her mother worked for them for quite a long time. Their job was giving assistance to people who were arriving with trains and busses. There were rooms for people who didn't have a place to stay. Her mother met the bus for many years. Once when Waldern accompanied her mother, a girl started screaming and yelling like crazy in the ladies' bathroom. She ripped one of the sinks off the wall. The police was called, the girl put into a strait jacket and taken to a hospital. The girl was a drug-addict, and couldn't get her drugs. Waldern and her mother had to stand by the door of the ladies' washroom and to make sure that nobody went in. A tall and strong policeman went in but he was knocked down by the girl. The policeman decided that he needed more help. After that, major repairs had to be done. The girl was taken to Galt hospital and afterwards probably to Ponoka, Alberta (to a psychiatric hospital). \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1492.0,1672.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ancestry","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1672.0,1866.11733"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840/index/59303/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Waldern's mother was born in Alberta, her father in Toronto, Ontario. The interviewer asks Waldern where her grandparents were from. Waldern's paternal grandparents were both born in Ontario. Her paternal grandmother was born around Hespeler, Ontario; her paternal grandfather in the Toronto area. On her paternal grandmother's side, Waldern is a descendent of the Mohawk native (first nation) but some of her paternal ancestors came also from France and Scotland. Her paternal grandfather was of English and Scottish ancestry. Cunningham is Scotch name. They have a coat of arms.\nWaldern's maternal grandmother was born around Brantford, Ontario; her maternal grandfather also somewhere in Ontario. Her grandfather was of English descend, her grandmother's ancestors came from Ireland. Her name was Greenfield, that's a very Irish name. All Greenfields are somehow related to her. Her grandmother came from a family of 10. Her grandmother's family belonged to the Orange Lodge. Her son would tease Waldern's mother when she talked about her side of the family: \"Oh yeah, that were the Orange Catholics, eh.\" Her mother would get mad at him.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/107010/file/207840#t=1672.0,1866.11733"}]}]}]}