{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jq0sq8r83w/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Lena Gulutsan 2"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Gulutsan, Lena (Interviewee)","Chernevych, Andriy (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2004-05-25 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["Ukrainian"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["3 audio files; wav; 1:33:29","audio/x-wav"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["gt54kp11s (avalonid)","LC146 (other)","2004-091-0527 (local)","2004-091-0528 (local)","2004-091-0529 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58552\"\u003eInterview with Lena Gulutsan 1\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["oral histories (topical)","farming (topical)","foodways (topical)","education (topical)","school discipline (topical)","religion (topical)","Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (spatial)","Nipawin, Saskatchewan, Canada (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2020-06-29"]}},{"label":{"en":["Note"]},"value":{"en":["Interviewee: Gulutsan, Lena (creation/production)","Interviewer: Chernevych, Andriy (creation/production)"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/561/small/Logo.png?1687987379","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 3 - 2004-091-0527.WAV"]},"duration":1857.31773,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/561/small/Logo.png?1687987379","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/561/original/2004-091-0527.WAV?1660926067","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1857.31773,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farming in Nipawin","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=0.0,912.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was a forested area. So, the father and someone who came with them, cut the trees to clear the land. There was no electricity to do that. There was just a path used by Aboriginal people on horses. It took a long time. First year, they cut 5 acres. The government required for at least 5 acres of the land to be cleared within a year. The trees were very big. Then we had to plow the land with horses, pull out roots. On our previous homestead, there were many rocks, but not in Nipawin. When it rained, it was muddy. The father and our neighbours had to clear a road in the woods. There were many different ethnic groups. And they built a school. \nWe had a garden where we grew cabbage, beets, peas and beans, everything you need for borshch, also onion, potatoes, a few sunflowers. \nIn the field, we usually grew wheat and oats. \nChildren learned to work and help from an early age. There were five of us, and we all helped our mother. Also, mother's sister came and stayed with us, she helped a lot. The land was very rich. But rains were very heavy, and we had to leave that farm and take a different one 12 miles away. We didn't have money, but my father's brother from New Jersey and our grandfather Hryhor sent us money, so we bought that farm. That's were we had good harvest. The place where we moved had been cleared a few years before that. There was machinery to do harvesting. If someone didn't have it, they would borrow from neighbours. When children grew older (around 10), they helped.\nAfter the harvest, in the fall, wild ducks and hens would come to the field to pick grain. The father would shoot one and bring it home for mother to cook. The father with his friend fished in the fall too. We used to pick mushrooms (pidpen'ki, kozari, etc.) and berries (wild strawberries, gooseberries, currents). We went to the woods a lot, we could meet a wild animal sometimes, but since they had enough food, they wouldn't touch us.\nWe used to keep two cows (for us only - for milk, sour cream and butter), horses, chickens for eggs, ducks and geese. We never kept turkey. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=0.0,912.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What did you grow on the farm?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=0.0,912.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"berries (fruits)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clearing of land","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gardens","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"livestock","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mushrooms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=0.0,912.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Indigenous Peoples","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=0.0,912.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Preserving food","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=912.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a hole under the house. There was a door from the kitchen and a ladder to go down. It was cold and humid, so we stored potatoes, carrots, cabbage. Children made butter taking turns. It wasn't hard, but boring. But we had to do it anyway.\nMy grandfather could make many things out of wood, learned in the Old Country. We kept it outside in the dug out covered with something.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=912.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How did you preserve food?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=912.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"butter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cellars","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=912.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Religious life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1149.0,1453.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, we didn't have a church there. My father found other Ukrainians, although there were none near, only about 10 miles away. So, he would visit them every now and then, and they discussed religious and decided to build a church. Some didn't want it. They called it Hryhor's church. The father wrote down names who wanted to help build a church. So, they got together and built one about 8 miles from us. \nIt was an Orthodox Church. A priest would come from Saskatoon 2-3 times during the summer. Then we built a hall (Narodnyi Dim). My father organized that too. Women would gather there and make varenyky.\nThere was no TV, so we would put up drama plays there for entertainment. We would learn them from books - we had only Ukrainian books at home. There was a man Nahirnyi, he taught us to play the violin and mandolin.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1149.0,1453.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you lived near Nipawin, did you have a church there?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1149.0,1453.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"churches","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drama","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"halls","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"musical instruments","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1149.0,1453.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1453.0,1521.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We would go to Nipawin to stores. We didn't buy much. They didn't even sell groceries in stores in those days, because everyone grew their own garden. We had very good cabbage, so English people would know and recommend buying it from us. \n\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1453.0,1521.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Were there stores nearby?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1453.0,1521.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cabbage","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1453.0,1521.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1521.0,1630.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When someone was not very smart in school, they would be called \"cabbage head.\" The school was 2 miles away. We walked to school. Later, the father built a box on a sleigh and there was a little stove and that's how we went to school. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1521.0,1630.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How far was the school from you?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1521.0,1630.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"jokes","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sleighs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1521.0,1630.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Blacksmith, shoes, Eaton catalogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1630.0,1857.31773"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am not sure whether there was a blacksmith in Nipawin. My father had his own blacksmith shop. My grandfather was a very good blacksmith even back in the Old Country. He did a lot of work for neighbours. He also sharpened tools. \nWe would buy shoes in town, usually made of leather, but never on high heels. Then there was Eaton's catalogue, so we could order there. It was really nice. The company started in Winnipeg.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1630.0,1857.31773"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Was there a blacksmith in Nipawin?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1630.0,1857.31773"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561/index/52511/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"blacksmiths","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mail-order catalogs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shoes (footware)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132561#t=1630.0,1857.31773"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 3 - 2004-091-0528.WAV"]},"duration":1962.24871,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/562/small/Logo.png?1687987388","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/562/original/2004-091-0528.WAV?1660926090","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1962.24871,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eaton's catalogue","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=0.0,130.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We bought fabric (at the time, women sewed clothing for the family.) We bought rain coats. We couldn't afford to buy a coat for each family member. The clothing was passed down from one family member to another. When a piece of clothing was getting worn out, we resewed it for someone smaller. We bought cotton for dresses. Nylon appeared later - during the war. We bought very little, because there wasn't much money. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=0.0,130.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What did you order from the Eaton's catalogue?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=0.0,130.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sewing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"textiles","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=0.0,130.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Going to town","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=130.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was 12 miles to Nipawin. Once a year we would take turns to go to town (Nipawin) with father. I remember one day I went with my father. It was a great reward for me that I was going with him. He had a big box of wheat on the wagon. I was sitting high on it. It was interesting to look around and see other farms, how people were working. It took a few hours. The father was showing and telling me who lived where. We took grain to the grain elevator, and father got paid. I got 50 cents and bought ice cream for myself and bananas to bring home (we had an agreement that whoever is going to town, buys gifts for everyone at home). Before going home, he asked me if I had any money left. I said no and showed him bananas that I bought them to take home. He said, \"Oh, you know how to spend money!\"\nThere was also a hardware store in town, grocery store (there was sugar and flour in sacks, canned food, coffee, white bread). Once we bought white bread and it was something special, because we didn't bake white bread at home. It was very tasty. But normally we wouldn't buy bread. We could also buy yeast. \nA Chinese man had a restaurant in town. Once we went there, my brother was also with us, we got Coca Cola. There was a mirror on the wall, the glass was cracked. My brother touched the mirror trying to fix it. The manager came up to us right away and said that we broke it and had to pay for it. We tried to defend ourselves and said it was like that when we came. I don't think we paid for it. He scolded us.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=130.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did you go to Nipawin often?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=130.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bananas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grain elevators","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grocery stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hardware stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ice cream","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"travel","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=130.0,599.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Health and illnesses ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=599.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were eight of us children, six were born at home, the youngest two in the hospital. When someone got sick in the family, we made camomile (or some other) tea. There was also a small bag with wheat, it was heated in the kitchen and applied to the chest. There was a man who travelled around and sold medicine. Almost every household had bitter liquid red medicine against cough. We took a spoon or two. A cloth was put in hot water and then on the forehead if someone had a fever. We would collect \"babkove lystia\" - leaves, rinse them and apply to the wound when someone cut themselves. \nThere was a woman who got ill. They put her on a wagon and covered her and took her to the hospital. It was in the evening when they got there. They were told to pay money to bring her in. They said they didn't have the money. They were told they wouldn't accept her and told them to come back in the morning and they would decide what to do with her. They spent the night outside, and it was cold, and she died. There were other stories that if you didn't have the money, they wouldn't treat you at the hospital. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=599.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Were you born at home?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=599.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"childbirth","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"herbal medicine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hospitals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"illness","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remedies (health)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=599.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School: teaching, learning, and punishment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=1093.0,1962.24871"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was 7. Children walked to school. The school was closed from Christmas (25 Dec.) until some time in February - two months - because it was too cold and hard to get to school. The school started at 9 in the morning and we were there until around 4 in the afternoon. We started with singing \"God save our gracious King\" [sings the song]. Then we would say the prayer and then had reading. There were books at school. We read ourselves first, and then the teacher would call on students to come out and we took turns reading. I didn't know English and couldn't read. But we read the same passage over and over. So, I listened how others read and tried to memorize. When my turn came, tried to say the same words without understanding what I was saying. Classes were large - 36-40 students. All classes were together: from 1 to 8 and there was only one teacher for all. After reading, we had math. In grade three, we had multiplication and division. I didn't understand it very well. The teacher was British. She couldn't explain much because she was one for all classes. I received a sheet with an assignment. I turned to my classmate to ask her to explain it to me. The teacher noticed that and sent me to the hallway and beat my hands with a strap. Teachers didn't explain much like they do today. My father was very strict, he said: \"If someone gets beaten at school, they will get some more at home.\" But we children would never tell on each other at home. \nIn grade four or later, we had history. It was all about English kings. Henry the XVIII had eight wives ( the children were laughing) and the teacher wanted us to remember all their names. After I got married, we went to England and visited the palace of Henry the XVIII. It was very interesting to hear that story again. Geography was taught together with history. We also learned to sing at school (e.g. \"You are my sunshine\"). We had concerts and had songs assigned to each.\nWhen there were few Ukrainians, they called us \"Bohunks,\" and they beat us on the way from school. The father gave notices to the newspaper to attract more Ukrainians. And more came. When there were more Ukrainians, we were not afraid of other kids any more. We also had Ukrainian dances at concerts. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=1093.0,1962.24871"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When did you start going to school?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=1093.0,1962.24871"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562/index/52510/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"history","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mathematics","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reading","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school discipline","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132562#t=1093.0,1962.24871"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 3 - 2004-091-0529.WAV"]},"duration":1790.58358,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/563/small/Logo.png?1687987398","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/563/original/2004-091-0529.WAV?1660926112","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1790.58358,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School, sports, and games","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=0.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had one book. We read from it. There were no libraries. There was a dictionary at school, so we could consult it there. We had to speak English at school. If someone heard children speaking Ukrainian, we would be beaten. We fought with non-Ukrainian kids. There were also Irish children. Only English, some Irish and Ukrainian people lived in the area. There was only one German family. They became my parents' friends. They sang a song that had both Ukrainian and German lyrics. \nThe teacher we had taught us for about five years. Then there was another one, from Sweden or something. They wouldn't want to accept a Ukrainian, as if they didn't exist. The second teacher was more qualified. She actually taught, watched children and explained. The first one was just sitting in the front and watching children as a dictator. \nDuring breaks we played different games at school. \"Pom pom pull away\": There were two teams, each had a captain. One side requests a person from another team. That person comes into the middle and they pull each other. \nWe also played football, ball game - it was the most popular. Later, we had tournaments with other schools on Victoria Day. Both girls and boys played - teams were mixed. We liked recess better than lessons. \nWe had Christmas concerts. In the summer, we had picnics. There was ice cream - the most important thing. We also had sport competitions. We had cookies.\nAfter 8th grade, it was correspondence school. I was the first from that school to go to the university. They didn't care to go study more. One would say: \"I am an Englishman. It's a degree in itself.\" They were very proud of it. \nDuring the war, they asked me to teach in the school where I was a \"Bohunk,\" it was a different time. Now, everyone: Germans and French - everyone dances hopak.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=0.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What school supplies did you have?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=0.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concerts","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"discrimination","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"distance education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"English as a second language","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"outdoor sports","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sports tournaments","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"teachers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=0.0,863.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Weddings: storytelling (fire, poisoning)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=863.0,1790.58358"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember my cousin's wedding. I was around 5. I didn't go to school yet. We walked about a mile. In the summer, we would always walk barefoot. No one had money for shoes. We all learned to walk barefoot. No one trashed glass or something. Before the wedding, people cooked cabbage rolls, borshch, kolachi. My mother sewed me a dress. The entire family would go - there was no babysitting. On the wedding day, people came on horse wagons. Horses were put in a barn and fed hey. People go into the house and give gifts and say their wishes. The wedding was in the house. People sat down to eat. Women were still in the kitchen cooking and bringing more food to the table. People drank moonshine. All of a sudden, a boy runs into the house and yells: \"the barn is on fire!\" The men knew that there were horses. They turned over the table with all the food and ran to the barn to save horses, for there could be no farming without horses. The roof was made of straw. The horses were scared of flames and didn't want to come out. Someone suggested to cover horses' heads with sacks, and they did, and took them outside. The barn continued to burn. They used all the water from the well, then rode horses to the neighbour to bring more. The women were outside, and the bride was crying. They saw that the wind blew a spark onto the house. They poured pails of water onto the barn. And there was not enough water. Women brought borshch from the house and poured it on the house and put out the fire with the borshch. \nLater, there was a rumour among women that the bride dated Joseph Kohut but he died, and she married Stephan. They said they Joseph was poisoned by potion that the girls made and put a spell on it. They said that Joseph made that fire during the wedding, because she poisoned him. Women from the Old Country believed in such superstitions. A song was \"Oi, ne khody Hrutsiu...\" If there was no song, there might be no gossip like that [sings the song].\nI remember, there was a party where young people danced and sang, and that Maria and Joseph were there. I don't think the girls were making any potion. But after he came home, his mother heard him come in and go to bed. And then she heard that he moaned. I don't know if she went to check on him right away or in the morning, but he was dead. It could be a heart attack. But there were no doctors at the time.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=863.0,1790.58358"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you remember weddings?","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Partial Transcript"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=863.0,1790.58358"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fire","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"folksongs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moonshine","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"poisoning","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=863.0,1790.58358"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563/index/52509/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"borshch","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"holubtsi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kolachi","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58554/file/132563#t=863.0,1790.58358"}]}]}]}