{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/db7vm43m8c/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Rose Nichols (née Mosebach)"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Nichols, Rose (Interviewee)","Kampen, Christine (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2004-08-09 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["4 audio files; wav; 02:10:16","audio/x-wav"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["qb98mg683 (avalonid)","LC074 (other)","2004-091-4106 (local)","2004-091-4107 (local)","2004-091-4108 (local)","2004-091-4109 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["oral histories (topical)","education (topical)","languages (topical)","foodways (topical)","holidays (topical)","family life (topical)","Red Deer, Alberta, Canada (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2020-01-14"]}},{"label":{"en":["Note"]},"value":{"en":["Interviewee: Nichols, Rose (creation/production)","Interviewer: Kampen, Christine (creation/production)"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/868/small/audio-default.png?1640616019","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 4 - 2004-091-4106.wav"]},"duration":1969.05215,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/868/small/audio-default.png?1640616019","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/868/original/2004-091-4106.wav?1660931879","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1969.05215,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction, family background","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=2.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rose (Rosie Elfriede) Nichols (née Mosebach) was born on November 5, 1928, in a farm house east of Red Deer, Alberta where she also grew up. Her family moved only from one farm yard to a bigger house across the road when she was two years old. Her family came to Canada in 1924. Nichols' father's uncle who lived in the Red Deer area had sponsored them. She thinks that her parents worked at the uncle's place for a few years before they purchased their own farm. She recalls that her father was a very hard-working man who always had an axe in his hands and chopped down trees to make more land useable. That's how the neighbours remember her father.\nNichols recalls that her father was born in Germany but she can't remember where exactly. She remembers that her parents talked about Hamburg and Berlin. She also remembers her mother saying that the town Martin Luther was born in was close by. Both her parents came from the same area.\nAsked about why her parents came to Canada, Nichols explained that her father worked in a mine in Germany. She thinks that her father maybe heard that Canada was a nice place to be but she is not sure. Her parents were already married in Germany, and she has a sister and a brother born over there. When her family got off the ship in Eastern Canada, they had to stay there for some time because her sister or her brother had a rash that had to be cured before.\nNichols' first husband's name was Michener, his father was a cousin to the politician Roland Michener. He was born in Clive, Alberta. Her first husband passed away in 1985. When she got married for the first time, they lived in Red Deer before they went back to the farm where she was raised, and lived there until 1979. Her husband couldn't farm anymore, so they rented the farm out and bought a house in Red Deer. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=2.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=2.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School years","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=424.0,841.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols has lots of great memories of going to school. They lived three miles from school, and she was lucky as she had a horse to ride. Over the years, she realized how fortunate she was. She never had to do chores, unlike many other children who had to milk cows and to do other chores. In addition, her father brought her horse to the door steps every morning when she went to school. Most of the children had to walk to school, and she had a choice as she could walk or ride. Nichols enjoyed every day in school. In 1937 (or 1936), there was a terrible wind storm. One of the members of the school board stopped at the school and told the teacher that they should all get out as the school building was old and frail. Until a new building was erected, they had school at the rectory where the minister used to live. The new school building even had two bathrooms (for boys and girls) although without flush. Most of the children didn't have bathrooms at home. They still had little outhouses.\nIn the summer time, they had ball games, picnics and races. They got prizes, 10 or 15 cents for the winner of the race. The parents brought food.\nOn her way to school, she had the warmth of the animal. She would also take other children with her. Nichols always had good marks. She went to grade 9 in the country school. There were dormitories in Red Deer where she would stay during the week. She took grade 10 there. By that time, she had a boy friend and wanted to go out to work.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=424.0,841.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ball games","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm chores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"picnics","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"storms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"toilets","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=424.0,841.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work life, family life, language use","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=841.0,1421.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols worked in a store called Metropolitan at that time. When she got married and had children, she quit working. Only when her first husband died, she started to work at the museum.\nNichols had an older brother and sister as well as a younger sister. Only her older sister is still alive, she once went on a trip to Germany with their father. Her sister has also been there with her granddaughters. A niece of hers once said that she was an Albertan when somebody asked her about her nationality. Her niece's father was Canadian, as was Nichols' husband.\nThere was one family in their district that always looked down on German people during the war years but Nichols wasn't old enough to bother her then.\nNichols' brother didn't go to war, she doesn't know exactly why but thinks maybe because her father needed him at home. Her father was deaf, and she is not sure whether he ever heard her voice. Her father had served in WW I in Germany, and something had happened that affected his hearing. He could hear her mother when she talked loud enough to him. She thinks that her father read lips and that's how he communicated with people. Her father's twin brother was killed on the last day of WW I. Her father would talk about that only in later years.\nUnlike her father, her mother never wanted to go back to Germany, and Nichols doesn't know why. Her mother's brother who had stayed in Germany came to visit her quite often as he could afford to travel. Nichols' children always enjoyed his visits. Nichols' uncle spoke English very well and was reluctant to speak German although Nichols liked to listen to his German. The uncle's daughter and her family also speak English very well.\nNichols spoke German at home when she was little. Her parents also spoke German and taught others at home for years. When Nichols worked in a store in Red Deer during the war, her parents would come and say hello, and she would always get very angry with them when they spoke German with her in public. She felt that they shouldn't do that. Today, she hears so many different languages on the street in Red Deer but then it was embarrassing for her. It always embarrassed Nichols when her mother spoke German on the street.\nWhile her parents spoke German at home, she switched to English when she started school. She still speaks a little bit of German - if somebody asks a question in German, she tries to answer. She thinks that her children can understand German a little bit as they grew up with their grandparents (her parents).\nNichols went on a tour to Germany once, and it was fun to listen to people to her. She wouldn't be comfortable continuing the interview in German.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=841.0,1421.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"languages","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=841.0,1421.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WW I","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=841.0,1421.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meals, food, sausage making, baking","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=1421.0,1969.05215"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The interviewer asks a question in German but Nichols states that she isn't familiar with the word \"Frühstück\" (breakfast). She recalls that she had porridge with brown sugar for breakfast. When her mother ran out of bread, she made biscuits, jam and cheese for Nichols' lunch. Nichols states that they never were hungry because her parents were hard-working people. They had their own meat, including chickens, turkey and geese. When they butchered pork, her uncle and her grandparents would come and make sausages together.\nHer parents had always meat, potatoes and a big garden. In the summer, they picked berries. In those years, her mother also canned vegetables. They even made blood sausages, and she can remember the big sausage machine. Nichols was angry when her aunt died and her aunt's children gave the sausage machine to a total stranger. Nichols' children had wanted it too. Her family even cleaned and boiled their own casings from the animals. There was a place where they put the casings on, and the meat that would go into the sausage was poured into that big machine. They made summer sausage, and she doesn't know what spices they used. They also made liver sausage. The summer sausage is similar to what you can buy at the store today. It was very good after it was smoked. She asks the interviewer whether she knows what spices were used for sausage making then but the interviewer doesn't know that.\nNichols thinks that her mother made a lot of traditional German food, e. g. home-made sauerkraut which she kept in a crock behind the stove. Her mother had a crock for cucumbers too, it was in a special brine. It was some kind of pickles. Her mother canned the sauerkraut and the cucumbers after some time in the crock.\nNichols' mother also did a lot of German-style baking like Flammkuchen. She describes it in detail. She thinks that her sister has her mother's cook book.\nHer mother also made her own bread, deep-fried doughnuts, and poppy seed cakes.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=1421.0,1969.05215"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"breakfasts","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"canning","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cucumbers","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meals","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pickles","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sausage making","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=1421.0,1969.05215"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868/index/52232/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Flammkuchen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"porridge","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sauerkraut","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132868#t=1421.0,1969.05215"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 4 - 2004-091-4107.wav"]},"duration":1955.93288,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/869/small/audio-default.png?1640616164","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/869/original/2004-091-4107.wav?1660931904","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1955.93288,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas, religious practices, Easter, church life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=2.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that Christmas was always a big event in a German house. They always had a real Christmas tree. Her parents were able to get candles from Germany that had little clippers in order to clip them on to the tree. They opened their gifts in the morning on December 25, only in later years, they opened them on Christmas Eve. She would get knitted scarfs, a doll with new clothes on it. Her mother also did a lot of baking, e. g. a Stolle (sweet bread with raisins and almonds as well as lemon peel). Her mother would always make several of them.\nOn Christmas day, they had always a turkey. In her childhood, the family used to get together with uncles and aunts. Her mother and her mother's sister (and their families) would celebrate Christmas and New Years together. They switched back and forth between their homes.\nWhen Nichols had her own family, they would sometimes have a turkey and a goose for Christmas.\nNichols explains that her family didn't observe advent traditions. Nichols was baptized a Lutheran in a little country school. The minister came once a month. When her parents didn't have a car, they went there in a sleigh. Her younger sister was baptized by the same minister.\nApart from Christmas, Nichols can't think about any traditions specifically German. When she was little, her parents were hiding eggs in the backyard at Easter. Nichols still hid eggs for her youngest son when he was 20 years old. She thinks that she went to church more after she got married than she had done before. It was because her father never drove a car due to his hearing problems. Later, she and her sister attended a Presbyterian church on a  regular basis. It was only two miles away, and there was also a Sunday school. Her mother also liked to go there even it wasn't Lutheran. Nichols recall that she had some wonderful Sunday school teachers. Besides they had a minister, they had also a deaconess who used to come to their country school building and teach in the Sunday school (it was Friday afternoon). It was a fun time because her school mates also were there. It was a very close-knit community. She felt as welcome there as anybody else. They were the only German family there but there were many more Germans on the other side of the hill. The Sunday school teacher would come for dinner, and the minister was come for a visit also regularly. Today they don't have time. They had a lot of friends, and her mother belonged to the women's group that was affiliated with the church. Her mother attended the meetings and hosted ladies' meetings at their house.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=2.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas tree candles","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas trees","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Easter eggs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gifts","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Year","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sunday schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=2.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lutheran Church","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Presbyterians","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stolle (Christstollen)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=2.0,688.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farm life, house, washing, electricity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=688.0,1120.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols says she was spoiled as a child as she didn't have to do too many chores on the farm. She didn't have to do anything on school days but when she was home it was her job to bring the cows in. She also helped her mother as much as she could, e. g. she went out to dig some potatoes or pick peas. She also took water to the fields or took lunch out. She also helped with dishes and picked berries.\nThe house Nichols grew up in was a big two-storey house. There was no furnace but they had a kitchen stove as well as a little heater in the living room. The pipe from the kitchen stove went up to the second floor and the bedroom her sister and she slept in. Her brother's bedroom was always much colder. She changed always to her pajamas in the living room as it was warmer there. They didn't have running water and no bathroom. Eventually, her parents built a new house with a bathroom, and her mother was living in it for twelve years before she passed away.\nFor baths, they used big round tubs. Usually, the took their bath on Saturdays. They had good water as they had a flowing spring. Actually, they had a bathroom upstairs but without any plumbing, and Nichols stored her dolls and toys there. There was a pantry, and from there they went down into the cellar, and there was a wash stand there. They heated up the water on the stove.\nFor washing clothes, they used a machine that had a motor on it. Her mother did the washing outside because of the fumes from the motor. Nichols never saw her mother washing on a wash board. Her mother had to heat the water for the machine on the stove too.\nNichols recalls that her father had the best wood pile in the country, so they had always enough fire wood. In the winter time, they went to a coal mine and purchased coal.\nThey had electricity but not from the beginning. She can't remember the year they got it. They had one of the first TVs in the district.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=688.0,1120.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"baths","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coal","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"electricity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm chores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"heating equipment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pantries","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"springs (bodies of water)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"television","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"washing machines","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=688.0,1120.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Clothing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1120.0,1276.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that her mother was a great knitter. She herself tried to knit a little bit. Her mother also sewed a lot of their clothes, sometimes they were made of old garment. They always had neat and clean clothes. Once, her mother even made her a ski jacket. She has a picture of herself wearing that jacket and pulling her younger sister in an apple box on a sleigh outside. At Christmas, they got new scarfs from their grandmother. Nichols was always proud of her clothing because her mother had made it.\nOne time, they had a Christmas concert, and her parents ordered new shoes through the catalogue for her. And when they came, they were a little too tight for her but she kept them anyway.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1120.0,1276.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clothing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knitting","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mail-order catalogs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1120.0,1276.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas concerts, singing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1276.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that they started in October to practice for the Christmas concert at school. They had one long play and tried to get everybody involved in it. One girl who could sing well had a couple of solos. They other students sang a lot of Christmas carols. A younger student would open up the concert with a recitation. At the end, Santa Claus came and distributed a candy bag for everybody. They also got a gift under the tree with true names. The adults had coffee afterwards. There was a box of oranges that were thrown to the back of the room, and the adults had to catch them.\nWhen Nichols got married, they first lived in Red Deer and eventually moved on one of her father's farms. So, her children went to the same church as she did in her childhood. When the school was closed because the students were transported to Red Deer by bus, there were Sunday school concerts in the former school building. Nichols recalls that her youngest son was the one who went out and welcomed everybody at a school concert there. When the curtain was opened, her son (who was about five then) was standing there and said: \"Mum, I have to go to the bathroom\". They had to take him to the bathroom, and then he continued his presentation.\nNichols likes to sing only for herself. Her mother's favourite song was \"How great thou art\", she would cry when she heard that song in church. Her mother used to sing in German but Nichols can't remember what it was.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1276.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas plays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recitations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"singing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1276.0,1642.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Relations with Indigenous people, other nationalities","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1642.0,1955.93288"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols wouldn't say that they were a religious family but \"good-living people\". Her father was very honest and tried to pay his bills on time. She remembers the \"Indians\" coming around in the wagon. She remembers going to school and meeting the \"Indians\" on the road. They used to come to the farm and ask for coffee. She is sure that her parents gave them something. Later on, she didn't see them anymore. On their farm, there were two big trees her parents used when they butchered animals. They spanned a rope between them and hung the animals there. Her father was digging between those two trees one day and found some food the \"Indians\" buried in the ground. It was round balls of something. She thinks it is called pemmican. Indigenous people must have been in that area before they moved there. \"Indian\" artifacts like little arrows were found on the hills were they lived too. Indigenous people didn't live there anymore, they were just passing through. Some of the children were scared to death by them but she wasn't because she had seen them on the farm talking to her parents. She doesn't think that they ever harmed anybody.\nNichols recalls that there were some \"real English people\" in their area. She can't think of any others as they were all English-speaking. There was one family originally from Sweden. There weren't any recent immigrants.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1642.0,1955.93288"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"indigenous peoples","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pemmican","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1642.0,1955.93288"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869/index/52231/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Indians\"","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"English","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Swedish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132869#t=1642.0,1955.93288"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 4 - 2004-091-4108.wav"]},"duration":1862.0546,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/870/small/audio-default.png?1640616296","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/870/original/2004-091-4108.wav?1660931926","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1862.0546,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dances, entertainment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=11.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that they had regular dances in the school building. Local orchestras played at least once a month. They had old-fashioned square dances. Old people were dancing with younger ones, and that's how they learned to dance. She never saw her parents dancing whereas her uncle and aunt were avid dancers but they were ten years younger than her parents.\nOver the years, Nichols started to go to dance at different places. In the war years, there was an army camp in Red Deer. When she was already married, they went to a big hall where New Years Eve was always celebrated. She would wear her wedding gown at that occasion.\nNichols' brother didn't serve in the army, maybe because their father was deaf or because he was born in Germany. Her father needed her brother at home as her father couldn't drive a tractor due to his hearing problems. As her brother was older than her, she would join him and go to parties. He looked after her but she thinks that sometimes she should have looked after him. He was more of a partying type than she was.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=11.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"armies","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Year's parties","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"siblings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"square dance","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wedding dresses","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=11.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WW II","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=11.0,239.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Binding and threshing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=239.0,383.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols talks about her brother. She herself didn't drive a car when she was young. At harvest time, they used a binder as they didn't have a combine yet. The pulled the binder behind a tractor. The binder would cut the grain and make a bundle. The bundle would be thrown aside, and people had to pick them up and make what is called a stook. She doesn't know exactly how many bundles they put together. Then the stooks were hauled to the threshing machine with a big wagon and horses. A tractor would run the threshing machine with a big belt. Then the stooks were forked into the threshing machine, and it separated the straw and the grain. Nichols could drive a tractor before she could drive a car. She drove the tractor that pulled the binder, and her brother rolled on the binder. Her brother would get mad on her once in a while when she didn't drive the tractor straight and missed some grain on the corners. Once she threatened to walk home because he wasn't very nice.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=239.0,383.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cars","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"combines (agricultural machinery)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"threshing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"threshing machines","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=239.0,383.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols' brother and his family, health issues, bugs, traveling salesmen","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=383.0,881.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that her brother treated her parents well and was a good brother. She can't remember that he played with her in her childhood. Her older sister was eight years older than she, her brother five years. Her brother later married and had two children. His first wife died with cancer at the age of about 34. As her parents lived in the same yard, they helped her brother raise his children who were only about four and seven when their mother died. Her brother's daughter who is 53 now is ill with cancer, Nichols thinks that the disease runs in the family.\nNichols recalls that she was \"skinny like a rail\" until she had her tonsils removed at the age of 12. She put on weight after that. She thinks that today they don't like to remove tonsils anymore. She went to hospital for that but several years before, children had their tonsils removed in the school house.\nNichols explains that they had never any problems with lice or any other bugs. But when her parents moved to a bigger house, there had been bugs before. She doesn't know exactly how her parents got rid of them as she was only two then but she remembers her parents talking about that. They never had any bugs in their little log house across the road.\nShe remembers that her brother had his appendix removed. Her parents were quite healthy for most of their life. Her mother was 75 when she died after several strokes, and her father lived to 92. He spent his last years in a nursing home.\nAsked about home-remedies, Nichols recall that she remembers her mother rubbing stuff on her neck and chest. She also heard about a mustard plaster.\nNichols talks about traveling salesmen, called \"rolly men\", who sold all kind of different spices. They also sold pudding powder and remedies for different illnesses. They even sold things to use on horses when they got sick. Nichols thinks that she has recently seen such salesmen at flee markets.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=383.0,881.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cancer","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"siblings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=383.0,881.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rolly men (traveling salesmen)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=383.0,881.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Food, making quilts, educating her grandchildren, her older sister, weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=881.0,1862.0546"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that her parents purchased flour, sugar, coffee, salt as well as fresh fruit in the store. They made their own butter in butter churns, that was one of her jobs. The cream had to be aged before they could make butter. When her parents butchered, they even rendered their own lard. People made also mince meat. They also bought soap at the store. Some people would make it themselves but her mother didn't. They also bought dry cereals for porridge. Nichols' grandmother even made her own cheese (blue cheese). She doesn't remember any odour from her grandmother's cheese. Nichols wishes that she had paid more attention to recipes.\nAs Nichols' mother sewed, her mother also bought cloth in the store. Her mother did a lot of sewing and knitting for her children and grandchildren. Her mother also knitted for the Red Cross - they supplied the wool, and women did the knitting. Her mother could sit and knit and never look at it. Nichols often thinks how lazy she is when she is just watching television. She does embroidery work but she is getting a little tired of that. She has a quilt to make  but she needs somebody to set it up on the quilt rack and its pretty big. Her mother quilted with the sewing machine. One of her daughter still has the last quilt her mother was making when she could hardly see anymore. Her mother never wasted anything when it came to material or food. Today, she sees the young generation waste too much. She always wants her grandchildren to eat the bread crusts, she puts jam and butter on them. Once, she forced her grandson who is six now to watch all the little people who are starving because they have nothing to eat on television. She said: \"Look at the food you're wasting and those people don't have anything to eat.\" She recalls that her grandson ate his crusts that day. She has one daughter who knows how to save but not the other one.\nNichols' parents never punished her physically. She recalls an incident when her older sister dropped six or eight plates and other china accidentally but as her sister was eight years older than her, she doesn't think that her parents reprimanded her too much. That were dishes her mother had brought from Germany. Nichols moved back to the farm with her husband when her oldest daughter was two. Her older sister had married a farmer who lived only a mile away, so they went on picnics together. Their husbands were very close and worked together a lot too. Nichols' husband died in May 1985, her father died in August that year, and her brother-in-law died in January 1986. They all passed away within less than a year. Her brother-in-law had leukemia. He had transfusions in the hospital, and one day, he just never came home.\nNichols got married in 1947. She thinks that her sister got married around 1942 or 1943. She remembers her sister's wedding that took place in a little church. Her brother-in-law's father had already passed away then but the rest of their parents were still alive. They had the reception at her parents' house. They put a shower on for the girls, and later for the boy too. Her mother baked a three-layered cake. Only the family and the closest friends were invited. When her daughters married, some of the Sunday school teachers whom they knew well were invited to their wedding.\nWhen she and her sister married, there wasn't any wedding dance. They had a wedding dance when they celebrated their 25th wedding anniversary, they invited all their neighbours. Nichols also remembers shivarees taking place but she was pretty young when her sister was married. Some dirty tricks were played on the young couple. She can't talk about them (she laughs).","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=881.0,1862.0546"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870/index/52230/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"butter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grocery stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lard","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"punishment","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quilts","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recipes","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shivarees","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wedding anniversaries","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"weddings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132870#t=881.0,1862.0546"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 4 of 4 - 2004-091-4109.wav"]},"duration":2030.16708,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/872/small/audio-default.png?1640616447","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/content/4/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/872/original/2004-091-4109.wav?1660931949","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":2030.16708,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Part 4 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Music","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=11.0,283.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that they had a gramophone. Her niece who isn't very well has it, she loved antics. Her niece lived with Nichols' mother for a long time and collected a lot of old things when nobody else was interested. Nichols can't remember what they played on that gramophone. One of Nichols' sons who is 55 now loved the song \"Yellow Bird\". She can't remember who was the singer. They also had some of these 45-vinyls with a hole in the middle, and they played those on a different machine.\nNobody was really musical in her family, except for Nichols' baby sister - her parents bought her a piano, and she learned to play it very well. When that sister got married, her sisters' daughters also took lessons, and they had a piano and an organ in the house. Her younger sister's husband worked at the railroad, so they always lived in Red Deer. Her sister has passed away.\nNichols has a violin from the 19th century from her mother-in-law with the inscription \"Jakob Steiner\". It's not usable, and it's just hanging on the wall as an ornament.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=11.0,283.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"phonographs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"vinyl discs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"violins","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=11.0,283.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Family relations","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=283.0,633.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked about family relations, Nichols states that they had more contact to her mother's family as her mother's sister lived over the hill. Her aunt had three daughters, and they always shared birthdays, Christmas and New Years. For many years, they bought gifts for everybody. Now, she doesn't know what to buy for her children because they have everything. Her parents had friends that they would visit. Sometimes she drove her parents to a visit on Sundays to give her brother a break because her parents couldn't drive.\nNichols' grandparents were loving and hard-working people. They helped her aunt and uncle to raise their three daughters. Her grandmother would always carry the babies. Her grandmother cared especially for the garden. Nichols' grandparents didn't speak English but she thinks that they could understand it eventually. There was a family of medical doctors called Parson in Red Deer, and Nichols' grandmother would go there twice a month and clean their big house. Other than that, her grandmother never worked away from the farm. Nichols thinks that the contact was made by a doctor visiting someone. \nThey always celebrated Christmas together with her grandparents. Nichols doesn't remember any stories told by her grandparents and she knows nothing about their life in Germany.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=283.0,633.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gifts","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grandparents","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=283.0,633.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Entertainment, going to town, weather conditions","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=633.0,1040.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Apart from the Christmas concert, there weren't any plays. Once a week, people in her community used to play cards in the winter. They would meet at the school. She describes different card games. They would also have coffee.\nNichols recalls that Saturday was their day to go to town. They usually went to a movie on Saturday night. They would have a piece of pie afterwards. She can't remembers what her parents did while the children were in the show. Maybe they went too or they went shopping. Once they had a car, they did the chores early and went to town. She can't remember the prices. At that time, they lived about 10-12 miles out of town. Now, the farm is located only six miles from the city limits. For a long time, there wasn't even gravel on the roads, so they had to stay home when it rained. She also remembers coming to town with a sleigh and a team of horses. The ride took them about an hour and a half. There weren't always snow ploughs, and sometimes they got stuck and couldn't get out. They had to shovel their way out. When the children were transported to school with buses, they started to clear the roads. Nichols remembers snow so deep that she couldn't see the tractor in the yard anymore. Now, there aren't such storms anymore. When they couldn't leave the house, they played monopoly or scrabble (that was later) or did some reading. In Nichols' youth, rain would fall for two weeks without stopping. They couldn't take a vehicle out the yard then.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=633.0,1040.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"card games","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"movie theaters","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rain","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reading","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rural roads","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school buildings","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"snow storms","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"winter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=633.0,1040.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Phone and electricity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1040.0,1151.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols' parents never had a phone until she and her husband moved out there. They had to cut down the trees for over a mile so that the telephone line could go through. It was the same with electricity: The first year she and her husband lived on the farm, they had no electricity.\nNichols can't remembers when her parents got their first car","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1040.0,1151.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"automobiles","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"electricity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"telephone","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1040.0,1151.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Red Deer, Alberta, in the 1930s and 1940s, boarding school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1151.0,1496.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that a few historic building are still standing in Red Deer, like the firehall which is now the library.\nThe church where Nichols was married in burnt down, and there is a new one there.\nThey used to enter the town from the East and went down what is called Michener Hill. Her married name was Michener, and Nichols asks the interviewer if she remembers when Roland Michener was Governor General of Canada. It was her father-in-law's cousin. She thinks that her father-in-law's parents lived at that hill, and that the hill was named after them. Nichols remembers going down and up that hill with a sleigh. In Red Deer, there was a grocery store (Safeway), movie theatres, several Chinese cafés as well a what would be today called a dollar store. They called them then the \"Five to dollar store\" as the prices ranged from five cents to one dollar. There was also an Eaton's store and a Bay (Hudson's Bay store). The Sears store was just a catalogue outlet. There were also grain elevators, and a train went through town. They used to bring their milk and cream to town. Later, a truck came out where Nichols and her husband lived and shipped the milk.\nThe city park was where it is now. Nichols can't remember where the police station was located. By the river, there was a boarding school. There was only one maid who looked after all of the students. She estimates that there were about 100 students, about 50 boys and 50 girls. They all ate their meals at the same time. Nichols enjoyed it there: They had plumbing there which they didn't have at home. She made a lot of friends there. Some of the girls there went on to become teachers. She herself wasn't smart enough then to hang on to that opportunity.\nNichols recalls how she met her husband. He lived on a farm not far away from where Nichols grew up. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1151.0,1496.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"department stores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mail-order catalogs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"movie theaters","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1151.0,1496.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eaton's","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hudson's Bay","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sears","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1151.0,1496.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meeting her husband, boarding school","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1496.0,1663.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that her husband was living at a farm not far from where she grew up. She met him at a dance. When they got married, her husband worked in Red Deer.\nNichols didn't have to wear a uniform at the boarding school. Nobody had a room for one's own, there was just one open room, and there was not too much privacy. At home, she shared a bed room with her sister. There were other rooms upstairs in their house, but the room she slept in was the warmest room.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1496.0,1663.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boarding schools","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1496.0,1663.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Resume, grandchildren","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1663.0,1885.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nichols recalls that she has been always very proud of her heritage. They always had enough to eat when she was growing up. She is also happy to be a Canadian and thinks that she is living in one of the nicest parts of the world. She can feel safe here. She sometimes wonders what the world is gonna be like when her grandchildren grow up. She has four older grandchildren and three little ones. The older ones all have good jobs and are doing well. There are fourteen years between her last two children. Her youngest son has small children now, and her older grandchildren are all in their twenties. The three little grandchildren seem like toys to her.\nHer oldest granddaughter came down with lupus (a form of arthritis) when she was in grade 12 but she is doing very well now. She is an architect. It took a long time for the doctors to find out what she had.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1663.0,1885.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Identity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1885.0,2030.16708"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked about her identity, Nichols states that she classifies herself as a \"farm girl\" or \"farm person\" although she doesn't live on a farm anymore. Maybe she is a \"country person\". She loved the mountains. She just wants to be a good Canadian and wants the best for her family.\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1885.0,2030.16708"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872/index/52229/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"identity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58649/file/132872#t=1885.0,2030.16708"}]}]}]}