{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/b27pn8z27c/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Interview with Albert Nieberding"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Kule Folklore Centre (Creator)","Nieberding, Albert (Interviewee)","Scalena, Matt (Interviewer)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2003-07-22 (created)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["4 audio files; wav; 01:48:42","audio/x-wav"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["sx61dn27t (avalonid)","LC002 (other)","2003-091-419 (local)","2003-091-420 (local)","2003-091-421 (local)","2003-091-422 (local)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["oral histories (topical)","family life (topical)","ethnic identity (topical)","foodways (topical)","farm chores (topical)","Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (spatial)","Saint Paul, Alberta, Canada (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["Interview"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date First Ingested"]},"value":{"en":["2020-01-14"]}},{"label":{"en":["Note"]},"value":{"en":["Interviewee: Nieberding, Albert (creation/production)","Interviewer: Scalena, Matt (creation/production)"]}}],"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["\u003ca href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\"\u003eAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)\u003c/a\u003e"]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["University of Alberta Library"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/128/original/UA_Logo_WHT_RGB_%281%29.png?1725471982","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/874/small/audio-default.png?1640616716","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 4 - 2003-091-419.wav"]},"duration":1801.12544,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/874/small/audio-default.png?1640616716","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/874/original/2003-091-419.wav?1660931992","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1801.12544,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.1 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Introduction, family background, work, education","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=33.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Albert Nieberding was born on February 24, 1924, in St. Paul, Alberta. His father came to Canada in 1911, his mother in 1921 from the Oldenburg area in Northern Germany. His father came from a family of doctors. After hearing stories of adventure, his father went to New York and traveled throughout North America. Nieberding recalls that his father worked in a survey party in St. Paul, Alberta, where he applied for a homestead and spent the years of WW I there. His father was fluent in French, English and German.\nNieberding himself grew up in St. Paul and came to Edmonton at the age of 26 where he worked in the elevator trade. Later he was in the insuring business. After quitting, he worked in the Canadian North as a construction supervisor for the federal government.\nNieberding recalls that he finished school with grade 10 and took most of 11 without finishing it.\nNieberding grew up with two siblings. Apart from his immediate family, he had no other relatives in Canada. He talks about distant relatives in Germany. He once went to a Nieberding reunion in Germany where he met relatives from Australia, the US and Belgium. There is a book on his family history.\nHe remembers that his mother was writing letters to her mother who was still living in Germany, as well as to a sister.\nNieberding recalls that his mother had been a Red Cross nurse during WW I, and when she developed a hernia, she went back to Germany for surgery and came back after a year. She took her children with her.\nDespite his ancestry, Nieberding considers himself a Canadian. He says that he can understand some German but he never learned it in school.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=33.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ethnic identity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"family life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immigration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"labor (work)","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"languages","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=33.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"St. Paul, Alberta","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=33.0,861.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meals, farm life, celebrations, groceries, clothing","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=861.0,1801.12544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls the meals of the day. He also talks about problems with food supply his mother had when still in Germany. He recalls about kerosine lamps and why his mother was cooking stews so often. He had to boil potatoes to feed the pigs as a child. Nieberdings shows the interviewer a picture of his mother's vegetable garden. Fishing also played an important role.\nAt Christmas, they didn't have nothing too special. His parents never went to church and criticized others that they wouldn't give their horses a rest on Sunday as they went to church with them.\nNieberding recalls that an ancestor of his was excommunicated from the Catholic church when he married a Lutheran woman.\nFor him, the 1940s were more difficult than the 1930s as food was rationed.\nNieberding recalls that when his mother came to Canada, the family spend only 45 dollars a winter. He recalls what his family was purchasing in stores in his childhood.\nHIs parents employed farm hands who would work on a farm for 5 dollars a month paid by the government during the Great Depression. He talks about what the family produced on their farm. The explains what kind of clothing he was wearing.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=861.0,1801.12544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christmas","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cook stoves","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm chores","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fish","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lamps","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mail-order catalogs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pigs","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"potatoes","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religious identity","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stews","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"turnips","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}},{"type":"TextualBody","value":"vegetables","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Subjects"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=861.0,1801.12544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874/index/52227/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Great Depression","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Keywords"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132874#t=861.0,1801.12544"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 4 - 2003-091-420.wav"]},"duration":1801.12544,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/875/small/audio-default.png?1640616847","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/875/original/2003-091-420.wav?1660932014","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1801.12544,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.2 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farm life, buying land","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1.0,316.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding talks about the chores he was responsible for as a child. He recalls that he didn't like milking cows, so his sister did it although she didn't like it too. In exchange, Nieberding had to clean out the barn. In general, he had to do \"whatever came along\". He also worked in the big garden, all the potatoes had to be seeded by hand. They also had to do a lot of weeding.\nNieberding used to harrow with two horses and three sections of harrows, 12 feet wide. He walked behind the horses, barefoot. In the summertime, he would always go barefoot.\nAsked about a typical day, Nieberding explains that there is nothing like a typical day on a farm. It always depends on the weather: \"You have to roll with the punches, so to speak, whatever happens\".\nNieberding talks with his wife: The phone rang but there was no answer. Nieberding says to the interviewer: \"That's one of my girlfriends, probably.\" (Nieberding and the interviewer both laugh.)\nNieberding explains that they had to break a certain amount of acres a year on a homestead (about 6 acres a year). They had to buy 10 dollars and build up the land and to live there for six months a year. There was a limit on how much land one could get. Both his parents had one quarter section, and his father bought an additional quarter. Nobody could pay taxes, there was no money available. His father bought land for 100 dollars. They had only 40 dollars but his father went to town and got an advance-cream check of 60 dollars because he sold them wood that was needed for the boiler of the creamery. His father bought the additional land for 100 dollars.\n\n\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1.0,316.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Provincial politics of Alberta in the 1930s","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=316.0,365.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls that there were foreclosures. There was a UFA (United Farmers of Alberta)-government, and then (in 1935) William Aberhart (Alberta Social Credit Party) came in. One of the first things he did was that he created a moratorium on taxes. So there were no more foreclosures from the banks. Otherwise, the banks would have taken all the land in the country. That was one reason why the Social Credit-government stayed in power for so many years.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=316.0,365.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Work of mother, washing, nursing and midwifery","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=365.0,481.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked about what his mother did on workdays, Nieberding laughs and says that \"there was a never-ending job\". She had to make meals, clean the house, make beds. When it comes to washing, his mother had to haul water, heat it, there were no washing machines, so she had to use a scrub board. One had to pick a day when it wasn't raining. They would catch rain water in a barrel so that they had soft water.\nHis mother was a nurse, and she acted as midwife although she had no licence. People simply found out that his mother was a nurse and came to her. In 1921, \"things were pretty primitive\". Nieberding never lived on a farm with boiling water or electricity. When he left the farm in 1948, they didn't have power or running water.\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=365.0,481.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Health care","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=481.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls that there was a doctor in town but no \"hospital of any sorts\". When he was 12-14, he had appendicitis. They brought him to town on a sleigh, every bump hurt. He had been sick at home for a few days first. He remembers laying on the doctor's table who pushed into his stomach. The doctor told them to go to a hospital but said that his condition had improved and that he didn't have to be operated right away. They went back home and there was no operation. Nieberding had his appendix removed later. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=481.0,630.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farm house, Christmas tree","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=630.0,798.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding describes what his parental home looked like. Asked about decorations, he recalls that they didn't have anything to decorate with. At Christmas time, his parents would cut a spruce tree. They decorated it with candles and garlands. It wasn't advisable because there was such a danger of fire.\nThere was a wood floor in the house but Nieberding's father would get some battleship linoleum which they laid onto the floor. \nThe interviewer asks: \"Did you have windows?\". Nieberding replies: \"Oh yeah, sure.\" He shows some photographs of his parents' house.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=630.0,798.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Making butter, preserving food, butchering","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=798.0,962.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding is asked about crafts in his family: \"I think we all did\". He laughs and says: \"Not as such. Survival was the main thing.\" He recalls that they made butter because they would make a little bit more money selling butter. Keeping cream sweet without going sour was also a problem. They had no refrigeration. They preserved meat by salting, smoking or canning. They would not butcher a hog or beef in the summertime because they couldn't preserve the meat. They would butcher in fall when it was cold. They would salt some of the meat and put it in the barn where they would smoke it. Nieberding's mother spent many hours canning. He asks the interviewer if he has ever done canning, the latter says no. Nieberding says that canning required a lot of effort and work. They also built a smoke house to smoke meat. They would hang ham and beacon in there. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=798.0,962.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Easter","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=962.0,1026.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked to describe Easter in his family, Nieberding recalls that his mother used to boil a bunch of chicken eggs and put some colouring in there. He thinks that his mother used tea to dye the eggs. Then the eggs were hidden at different places. There wasn't any special meal.\n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=962.0,1026.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Germans, social life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1026.0,1128.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding is asked about \"any ritual or traditional activity\" identified as German. He can't think of anything, they were to only German family there, only in 1929, some other German people moved in but they were all Catholic, and \"there was no intertwining\". Some of his school mates were also German. The Catholic Germans went to church but Nieberding's family never did.\nAsked about social activities, Nieberding emphasized that there were no social activities. They would meet and visit the neighbours from time to time. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1026.0,1128.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theft","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1128.0,1243.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding asks the interviewer if he has heard about McCausion (?) storage. The interviewer hasn't. The brother of the owner of that company had that land that his father bought for 100 dollars. Once, this man visited, and the next morning, some chickens were gone. So before he left, the man had stolen some chickens. At a neighbour's place, grain was stolen from the granary when the family was at the funeral. Again, it was one of the McCausion's. Now, it's a big company but that's the way they started. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1128.0,1243.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Locating places at the map","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1243.0,1436.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding shows the location of the homestead on a map. After some time, they moved closer to the road. The Saskatchewan River was 16 miles away. Some places designated for homesteads weren't inhabited. He shows the piece of land his father bought for \"100 bucks\". Nieberding recalls that there were some French people in the area. Nieberding talks about a German family called Huntly (?) who came over from the old country. He shows where the school he went to (Manilake school ?) was located. He went there for nine years, then he attended the school in town. In the wintertime, they used to walk across a frozen lake. They would also go by sleigh. The roads weren't drivable in winter until the early 1950s or late 1940s.\nThe interviewer remarks that most names on the map are French. Nieberding that there were many Ukrainians in the area. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1243.0,1436.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Birthdays, holidays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1436.0,1673.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding did celebrate birthdays in his childhood. Dominion Day was not celebrated but Victoria Day on May 24th was. Nieberding and his wife got married on Victoria Day (his wife is present during the interview). They thought that they would always have a holiday on their wedding day. It was abolished as a public holiday shortly thereafter but they celebrate their anniversary anyway. Thanksgiving was not celebrated. Halloween was celebrated in the late 1930s: They would go out and turn over an outhouse. On New Years, they would stay with the family, they would not go to a gathering or hall. Nieberding's wife adds: \"Only later on.\"\nNieberding can't recall any other holidays. He laughs when he hears this question. Nieberding's family wouldn't observe any Catholic or French holidays although they were living in the Saint Paul area. Nieberding's wife said that on June 24th, the family used to go to town. Nieberding objects that he went only once with a friend, and someone threw eggs on his friend, and they never went again.\nThe interviewer repeats his question about other holidays. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1436.0,1673.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Singing songs, hardship","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1673.0,1801.12544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875/index/77317/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asked if anyone in his family sang songs, Nieberding replies: \"We tried to.\" (He laughs.) Nieberding's wife recalls that his mother would sing at Christmas time. Nieberding says that in the old country, his mother had a different life style, \"more advanced\". They had electricity and running water. On a homestead, they hadn't too much time, they had to survive. They couldn't sell anything because there was no money. The post of the railway was 16 miles away, on the other side of the river. In order to make money, they had to take a team of horses and a hay rack and go south to make a few dollars. Once, his father lost the hay rack crossing the Saskatchewan river.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132875#t=1673.0,1801.12544"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 3 of 4 - 2003-091-421.wav"]},"duration":1801.12544,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/876/small/audio-default.png?1640616976","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/content/3/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/876/original/2003-091-421.wav?1660932039","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1801.12544,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.3 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Driving through the Saskatchewan River; radios","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=0.0,89.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls how his father lost a hay rack when he crossed the Saskatchewan River with a team of horses. There was no bridge at that time, so one had to drive right through the river. For many years, there was a ferry. Nieberding talks about the period between 1914-25. A railway connection to Saint Paul, Alberta, came in 1921. Nieberding says that \"you have to look at a map to be able to appreciate that\". Things are not appreciated if they are available. There were no radios, they only got one in 1930. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=0.0,89.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Singing, language use","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=89.0,471.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding's mother sang some songs she knew from the old country but \"simple stuff\" as she wasn't that knowledgeable about singing. His mother sang in German. Nieberding didn't know a word of English until he started school. His mother didn't know any English before she came to Canada whereas his father had had some education in English before. When Nieberding started school, they stopped speaking German at home. (The phone is ringing.) At the age of 6-7, Nieberding stopped speaking German altogether. Asked if this was enforced by his parents, Nieberding says that it was just easier. He spoke English with his sister, and his mother would also switch to English. Asked if his mother was \"eager to learn English\", Nieberding says yes. He states that if they \"stayed with German\", they wouldn't \"get ahead\" in an English speaking country. The interviewer asks about French in the Saint Paul area. Nieberding explains that he was often addressed in French in a store but people would switch to English, and English became more and more prevalent. He learned French in school and could understand \"three quarters of it\". It was the same with Ukrainian. Nieberding went threshing to make some money in fall in a Ukrainian area south of Saint Paul. He could understand Ukrainian quite well, not speak but understand. He was the only one in the threshing crew who couldn't speak Ukrainian. It was in 1940/41, and not many young farmers were left, so \"old fellows\" were in the threshing crew and they couldn't speak English. When they were sitting at the table at noon, he would be the first to finish his meal because he couldn't talk Ukrainian. Nieberding says that there weren't any communication problems, it was always possible to make oneself understood.\nIn school, only English was used but Nieberding also took French and Latin for a year. Nieberding's father was well-educated, he took Greek, Latin, French and English when he went to school. Nieberding states that the school system in the old country is \"far superior\" compared to the Canadian one. In Europe, one can talk to anyone in German, English or French, and people would answer in these languages. Later, he took some Spanish because he likes to spend some time \"down South\" in the wintertime after he retired but he states that it's too late to learn this language. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=89.0,471.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stories","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=471.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding heard no stories (fairy tales) from his parents but accounts about \"how things were\". He heard stories of his relatives in Germany. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=471.0,540.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dances, music","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=540.0,593.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dances (school dances) started only in the 1940s. Before that, not much was going on. Nieberding played the mouth organ and once he got a guitar as a present.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=540.0,593.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Muskrats","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=593.0,650.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding used to trap muskrats in the 1940s with a friend. He did that for two years and made about 700 dollars one year and 736 dollars the next year. They trapped 599 muskrats one year, and 536 the other year. They sold some of them to Sudak (?) in Winnipeg, he doesn't know if the company still exists. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=593.0,650.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"School plays","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=650.0,713.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls that there were school plays like Christmas concerts. He shows a picture of himself playing music (obviously there is a group of people in the picture). He used to play Western music on his guitar. He would not sing in German, \"that's for sure\", only English. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=650.0,713.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Water supply, refrigeration","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=713.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding shows a picture of \"our refrigerator\". It was a well dug down 32 feet, a hole of about 4 square feet. The water was not good. In the night time, he and his father had to go to the outhouse, they would meet each other on the way. The water didn't bother his mother and sister. When they found out that it was the water that made them sick, they used the well as a refrigerator. In the wintertime, they hauled snow in there. They hauled wagon-boxes full of snow from a lake. In the summertime, they would keep the cream there to keep it cold. They would also keep meat there, flies wouldn't go down there. The old well served as an ice house. It took them a few days to haul enough snow to fill everything up. They had to cover the well so that nobody would fall in. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=713.0,900.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WW II, internment of father, prejudices against Germans","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=900.0,1801.12544"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876/index/77318/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding is asked about his best friends. There was a couple of people in St. Paul, Alberta, who became good friends. When Nieberding was 16, in 1939, the war broke out. He corrects himself: He was born in 1924, so he was 15 then. Many young men went to war, and \"that changed everything\". Nieberding attended school in town then. Not being in the army and being German was a problem. His classmates behaved in a \"terrible\" way. He \"wasn't the most popular kid\" in school. On August 16. Nieberding was getting the horses from the quarter south of home to bring a load of grain to town to have it threshed. Nieberding and his father were called by the RCMP, and at the RCMP barracks in St. Paul, they were asked about their guns. They had a shotgun, a .22 pistol and an old .38-55 rifle. They wanted the .22 and the shotgun, and they had to bring in the rifle. Nieberding's father had to stay at the barracks \"for a bit\". They didn't see him again for three and a half years: His father was interned: first in Alberta, then he was shipped to Petawawa, Ontario, and then to New Brunswick. Nieberding states that \"that's part of the history too\". Nieberding shows the interviewer his national registration document. He states that probably he would have joined the army if his father had stayed at home. Nieberding says that he \"grew up pretty quick\" as he had the farm keep going when his father was away.\nThe interviewer asks if Nieberding's father was interned simply because he was from Germany. Nieberding says that his father was \"quite outspoken\", he was very much against the national registration. His father came back on February 24, 1944 (Nieberding shows another document). The interviewer asks what national registration exactly was. Nieberding explains that according to the war measures act, every male over the age of 16 had to register and could be called up to the army. People couldn't find work, there was no money, \"prices were so damn low\", and suddenly, there was money available due to the war. A lot of young men who didn't have a job joined the army. They were offered three meals and 1.35 dollars a day. That was the wage for the soldiers. Nieberding explains that one had always to carry the national registration document with him. He himself had to go through a process to qualify for being the only male on the farm. Otherwise, he would have had to join the army. Nieberding's father was critical of the war measures act. Somebody didn't like that, and his father was an \"influential individual in the community\" and of German descent.\nThe interviewer asks how the community reacted. Nieberding recalls that he was a non-catholic going to a catholic high school, and he was of German descent. It was \"terrible\", and the teachers weren't helpful. Asked about what they did to him, Nieberding says that he doesn't \"even want to go back into that\": \"It was a shit, excuse this expression\". He says that to his day he hasn't got an answer from the government why his father was interned. He wrote  letters to Anne McLellan when she was justice minister and to others. Nieberding was told that it was \"too bad that it happens\" but it was due to the war measures act, and there were inconveniences. Nieberding calls these replies \"bullshit\".\nNieberding's father told him about being interned when he got home: \"You just sit there and watch, so to be speak, for three and a half years.\" It was possible to work but they never got any wages. Niebering recalls that \"they left us in the hell of it.\" He was then a \"16-year old kid and didn't know nothing\". When his father was suddenly interned on August 16, Nieberding still went to school and had to do the harvesting. He had never run a binder before. Then they had to stook it and thresh it. Thanks to the help of neighbours, they \"got through\".\nShortly after Nieberding's father was interned, they received a letter that they got a foreclosure on the property. His father had taken out a mortgage in 1929. He had thought that he would replay it quickly but then the Depression came. Nieberding says that \"it wasn't very funny\" when they got this letter. They raised pigs and made money that way to avoid the foreclosure. Nieberding recalls that the neighbours helped them to bring in the crop \"but again: I help you and you gonna help me back\". Some of the neighbours that helped them were German, one was French, one was Ukrainian (he names a few of them).\nNieberding emphasized again that his father's internment was \"an injustice\". There were escapes from German POWs who had been brought to Canada but this father was a Canadian citizen. He recalls that a man from Vegreville was arrested on the road and interned, and his horses just tied to the next fence. Nieberding recalls that he found out about the context only later. They \"didn't know nothing\", and all his father's letters were heavily censored. They couldn't read \"stuff\" that would have helped them on the farm, it was wiped out: \"This happened in Canada, can you imagine?\"\nNieberding recalls that he constantly heard \"the bullshit about how bad the German people were.\"","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132876#t=900.0,1801.12544"}]}]},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 4 of 4 - 2003-091-422.wav"]},"duration":1120.26993,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/132/877/small/audio-default.png?1640617063","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/content/4/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-ualberta.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/132/877/original/2003-091-422.wav?1660932056","type":"Audio","format":"audio/wav","duration":1120.26993,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["Interview 1.4 [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WW II, internment of father","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=0.0,286.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls that when he was in town, the department of revenue Canada wanted to talk to him. He was told that he hadn't paid any income tax for the years 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947. He told them that \"the government looked after me, they didn't pay me\". Nieberding says that these experiences left \"a bad taste in your mouth\". He repeats the word \"bullshit\".\nThe interviewer asks if Nieberding's father tried to \"assimilate more fully into the mainstream\" after his internment. The interviewer says that he has heard of people changing their names. Nieberding says that his father was very proud of who he was. Nieberding recalls that his father was against the war measures act because he thought it would be \"the forerunner of conscription\". His father thought that the government should not get involved in a war over there, and conscript Canadians to go over there and fight. Nieberding compares the situation to George Bush who is \"cleaning up Iraq\". When his father came back, they found out that Camilien Houde, the mayor of Montreal, was picked up on the same day like his father, the day before the national registration came in, because the mayor also expressed concerns about this: \"So they took a few influential people to scare the others.\"\nAsked if his father was fairly influential in the community, Nieberding recalls that his father was \"an educated person, eh?\"","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=0.0,286.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Return of father, work life, a Jeep","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=286.0,515.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding went to Brantford (?), Ontario, on a hay making excursion in 1945. He shows a picture of this excursion. When he father came back, Nieberding was \"doing my own thing on the farm there.\" When his father came back, he was \"the boss\" again. He had some quarrels with his father. He then \"went down east\" with a 10 dollar train ticket because they were \"short of labour down there\". He \"worked like hell\" in Brantford, Ontario. He arrived at the end of June and worked for a month and a half. He had left with 39 dollars and came back with 40. He earned 65 dollars a month.\nIn 1946, Nieberding installed an elevator in the hospital. (He shows a picture of the hospital). It was a 3-storey building, and they carried patients up and down. He got the job through the brother of a neighbour. Nieberding got 59 cents an hour but had to pay 10 cents an hour to the union. He would go threshing for 50 cents an hour, and this was more to his liking. It was only 8 hours a day, so when he got home, he could do other work on the farm. Nieberding shows the letters. The interviewer is impressed that Nieberding still has so many documents. Nieberding recalls that they bought one of the first Jeeps that came into Alberta. His father used the Jeep to bring in milk. They started selling milk. Nieberding's father was one of the directors of the St. Paul Agricultural Society. They had a fair, an exhibition. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=286.0,515.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New house, work life","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=515.0,651.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls that they started building a new house. (He shows pictures.) They mixed the cement themselves. They only had to pay for the carpenter. They had milk cows and raised hogs, and they got more money. Later, Nieberding worked in the oil patch. In 1947, they discovered oil in Leduc, Alberta. There were crews going around searching for oil. They drilled a hole, charged it, and put dynamite in. That's the way they measured how deep the petrol was in. Nieberding worked with such a crew for a whole summer. (He shows a photograph.) ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=515.0,651.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Internment of father, family history of father","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=651.0,887.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding also made an application to join the RCMP. He wasn't accepted because of \"high blood pressure\". This was \"bullshit\". They wouldn't take him \"because dad had been in the camp, interned.\" This was in 1945 or 1946, just when the war was over. Someone told him that Nieberding would never get a government job.\nThe interviewer asks if such experiences were wide-spread. Nieberding gives him a book on this topic.\nThe interviewer asks about what feelings Nieberding's father had about Germany. Nieberding says that his father had \"no desire to go back\". He spoke to his father and asked him about this. His father said \"no ways\". Nieberding got a copy of his paternal grandfather's will, and his father was disinherited, \"he is written out\". Nieberding doesn't know if there were \"some misunderstandings\" before his father left. Nieberding says that in Europe there was this apprenticeship system. Many young tradesmen like carpenters came after WW II. They had the same system in England. The parents had to pay for this system as apprentices didn't get paid. Nieberding's father didn't like the banking business where he was working in Germany. His father corrected his homework (mathematics) just looking at it. \n","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=651.0,887.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dairy farming, milk inspector","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=887.0,980.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nieberding recalls that they had a dairy farm. There was a record of performance by the provincial government to improve the farmers' herds. They had to weight the milk of every cow every morning and night. Each month, a milk inspector would come around and stayed a day or two. He would check the butter fat content of the milk of each cow. They had 60 figures. Nieberding's father was familiar with that because of his past in the banking business: The had made balances. ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=887.0,980.0"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanking for the interview","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=980.0,1120.26993"},{"id":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877/index/77319/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The interviewer thanks for the interview.","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Synopsis"]}}],"target":"https://ualberta.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1776/collection_resources/58652/file/132877#t=980.0,1120.26993"}]}]}]}